Brick 1 nf what. Classification, sizes and symbols of bricks. Traditional marking system

All product parameters. Facing brick, hollow.

Format 1.4 NF (one and a half), 250x120x88 mm.
Weight 3.1 kg/pcs. Quantity on pallet: 352 pcs. Loading rate for 20 t vehicle: 6,336 pcs.
Quantity per 1 m2: approx. 38-40 pcs.
The calculation of the amount of brick in 1 m2 is given taking into account the joint width of 10-12 mm!

Properties. Strength grade: M 150-175. Frost resistance: F 100. Water absorption: 8-9%.
Color: red, brown, red flush (Bavarian masonry).
Surface type: smooth, corrugated.
General information. Manufacturer: BRAER plant, Russia. Products are certified. GOST 530-2012.

Buy face brick 1.4 NF format from the manufacturer

BRAER facing brick belongs to the group of the most frequently purchased facing materials in the central region.

Our company, as the official distributor of the manufacturing plant, is actively involved in promoting the entire range of hollow facing bricks in the 1.4 NF format (and other sizes) to the construction market. This format covers the entire variety of colors and surface types of facing bricks: Bavarian masonry, burgundy, red and brown, smooth and corrugated.

In accordance with GOST 530-2012 " CERAMIC BRICKS AND STONES. General technical conditions» facing brick is a product that provides the performance characteristics of masonry and performs the functions of a decorative material.

The front brick BRAER 1.4 NF has dimensions of 250 x 120 x 88 mm, approximate weight - 3 kg. The thickness of the outer walls of the hollow brick must be at least 12 mm, according to the parameters provided for in the technology.

For production, the BRAER plant uses clay from its own quarry (Obidimo village, Tula region). The raw materials meet all requirements. At the same time, each batch of raw materials is analyzed by the factory’s certification laboratory. Only after comprehensive research is clay allowed into the technological process.

Facing brick 1.4 NF is widely used in low-rise (up to 3 floors) and mid-rise (up to 6 floors) residential construction of buildings for various purposes, as well as for decoration. The company's website presents projects of houses made of 1.4 NF bricks. The characteristics are also indicated in the product catalogue.

We provide a range of services for the development of an individual project, delivery of materials from the warehouse to the site. If necessary, by prior agreement, it is possible to temporarily store the order in our warehouse.

The plant is equipped with an automated production line. The clay material is fired in the longest kiln in Russia (204 m). At each stage of the technological process, strict production control is provided, which eliminates discrepancies in the batch and defects.

Characteristics and features of brick 1.4 NF

Hollow brick is environmentally friendly. The products of the BRAER plant are certified for compliance with the interstate standard GOST 530-2012 and have supporting documents.

Our website presents the entire range of slotted bricks of various sizes, including the 1.4 NF format. You can order one-and-a-half bricks by phone or email indicated in the Contacts section. The price is shown in the company's product catalog, but it may vary depending on the discounts in force at the time of placing the order.

BRAER brick has a slotted structure. It provides light weight of the material and, therefore, less pressure on the foundation. Brick cladding is resistant to mechanical damage, does not require additional maintenance and retains its color even when exposed to UV rays.

Automated equipment and the use of modern technologies provide excellent technical and operational characteristics of hollow one-and-a-half bricks, namely:

• good sound insulation properties;
• low moisture absorption;
• frost resistance (over 100 cycles);
• low thermal conductivity;
• durability.

Types of one-and-a-half brick masonry

Today, several main types of BRAER facing brick masonry are known:

1. Direct (using various options for tying bricks with uniform distribution of seams, a pattern is created on the facade);
2. Decorative, the main difference is that the pattern on the facade is created not only by seams, but also by using bricks of various shades. It also involves the use of bricks of any surface type and format, including 1.4 NF (one and a half) bricks.

Like other building materials, GOST provides for mandatory product labeling for bricks. Marking, or how to call it another way, the symbol of ceramic bricks is carried out with letters and numbers. This is a very important detail of the products, since from the markings you can immediately find out basic information about the type, strength, and dimensions of this type of building material.

For a specialist in this field, the information placed in the labeling can tell about all the properties of the purchased material that he needs and not make a mistake in choosing it for certain tasks.

As mentioned above, brick markings are made up of alphanumeric designations. At the same time, the marking includes several groups of symbols describing various properties of the product. The marking of ceramic bricks includes several indices.

Groups in the marking of ceramic bricks

1. Designation of the type of brick. It can consist of two or three letter combinations. In the first place is the type of brick (see note No. 1), which characterizes its appearance or, more precisely, its variety. In second place is the letter P or L. These letters indicate ordinary or facing brick.

Facing ceramic brick is of high quality and is used for exterior finishing of a building - as is often said, it is used to “clad a house,” that is, lay out the outer row of masonry that does not require additional processing and preparation such as plastering. Ordinary brick is used for the wall itself, which is not visible and bricks with worse external characteristics can be laid in it.

And finally, in third place there may be one of the designations of the type of brick (Po - solid brick, Pu - hollow brick). This parameter greatly influences the thermal characteristics of the future enclosing structure (wall).

2. Brick size. Depending on the size of the product, there are special symbols, which are presented in note No. 2 at the end of the article. This is a very important element, especially for calculating the amount of material for construction or repair. The size also affects the type of masonry, because the seams must meet clearly horizontally, and if it is facing masonry, then also vertically.

The most common size of ceramic brick, so to speak the standard one, is 1 NF - 250 x 120 x 65 mm.

3. Durability grade. This index is an indicator of the strength of the material from which ceramic bricks are made. Typically this brand is represented by M100 or M150. The strength grade is of particular importance if load-bearing building structures are erected from ceramic bricks, especially in multi-story construction, where a very large load occurs on the lower rows of bricks.

4. Medium density. This marking indicator characterizes the class of average density of the material, which ranges from 1.0 to 2.0. The higher the density of the material, the greater its strength and weight. This characteristic is usually not needed in private construction and is not paid attention to.

5. Frost resistance grade. This indicator represents the number of freezing and defrosting cycles that a brick can withstand. This is mainly the F50 brand - 50 cycles. If the frost resistance grade is low, then the masonry will quickly begin to collapse. You may have already seen this on the plinths of buildings over 30 years old, when the outer layer of plaster, along with some of the bricks, simply peels off and falls to the ground.

Example of ceramic brick marking:

Brick KORPu 1NF/100/1.4/50/GOST 530-2007

(Normal format brick (single), ordinary, solid, size 250x120x65 mm, strength grade M100, average density class 1.4, frost resistance grade F50, made according to GOST 530-2007)

Note No. 1 “Types of bricks”

KO - normal format brick (single);

KE – “Euro” brick;

KU – thickened brick;

KM – single modular brick;

KUG - thickened brick with horizontal voids.

Note No. 2 “Brick dimensions”(Length, width, thickness, mm)

0.7 NF – 250 x 85 x 65 mm

1 NF – 250 x 120 x 65 mm

1.3 NF – 280 x 130 x 80 mm

1.4 NF – 250 x 120 x 88 mm

1.4 N – 250 x 120 x 65 mm

In the article, we tried to cover the issue of marking ceramic bricks as widely as possible and we hope that the information presented here was useful to someone.

Ceramic brick is a building material made from fired clay mass in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with dimensions 265x120x65 (etc.), used as a structural and enclosing element (ordinary brick) or facing (facing brick). According to GOST 530-2012, a product with a nominal thickness of 140 mm or more is called stone.

Compound: clay

Preparation method: There are two methods used to produce ceramic bricks: semi-dry pressing and the more popular plastic molding method. In the first method, the raw material is formed from clay with a moisture content of 4-16% by strong pressing and then fired. Advantages of the semi-dry pressing method: faster, simpler mechanization. In the second, a clay mass with a moisture content of 23-35% is formed using a belt press, then dried and fired. Advantages of the plastic forming method: the ability to produce products of various sizes, shapes and voids, in some cases higher strength and frost resistance.

Varieties by structure: hollow and solid (the stone is only hollow)

By area of ​​application: ordinary and face (stone with a tongue-and-groove connection can only be ordinary), fireclay, clinker

Sizes and formats:

Strength grade: M100, M125, M150, M175, M200, M250, M300; clinker brick – M300, M400, M500, M600, M800, M1000; stones – M25, M35, M50, M75, M100, M125, M150, M175, M200, M250, M300; brick and stone with horizontal voids - M25, M35, M50, M75, M100.

Frost resistance grade: F25, F35, F50, F75, F100, F200, F300

Thermal conductivity: 0.27 – 0.7 (ordinary/face hollow/solid brick); 0.16 – 0.25 (stone)

Wed. density (classes): 0,7; 0,8; 1,0; 1,2; 1,4; 2,0; 2,4

Density: 700 – 2400 kg/cm3

Moisture absorption: 8-12%

Weight: 2 - 4 kg (solid/hollow facing/ordinary brick 1NF)

Price: 9 - 15 rub. (solid/hollow facing/ordinary brick 1NF)

Advantages: environmental friendliness, high strength, high frost resistance, high heat capacity, high resistance to aggressive environments, versatility, non-deformable, unlike silicate, it has low moisture absorption, low thermal conductivity and higher fire resistance

Flaws: possible presence of efflorescence, more expensive in contrast to silicate

Where to use: Ordinary brick is used for the construction of load-bearing and self-supporting walls and partitions, plinths and other structures. Facing - for cladding building facades. Fireclay for the construction of stoves and chimneys. Clinker for paving paths and sidewalks.

Where not to use: Semi-dry pressed bricks cannot be used for laying plinths, foundations and external walls of wet rooms.

Current GOST for 2014: GOST 530-2012.

Example of marking according to GOST: KR-r-by 250×120×65/1NF/150/1.4/50/GOST 530-2012.
Explanation: Solid ordinary brick with dimensions 250x120x65, format 1NF, strength grade M150, average density 1.4 (1210−1400 kg/cm3), frost resistance class F50. Marking according to GOST 530-2012

GOSTs and SNiPs:

Testing the thermal conductivity of bricks and stones in masonry
GOST 530-95 | GOST 26254-84 | GOST 530-2007

Bond strength tests in masonry
SNiP P-7-81 clause 3.39 | GOST 24992-81

Tests for air permeability of enclosing structures
SP 23-101-2004

Airborne noise insulation tests
GOST 27296-87 | SNiP 03/23/2003

Sanitary and epidemiological conclusions
GOST 30108-94

Example. Manufacturer of ceramic bricks group of companies "Etalon" in St. Petersburg

Solid ceramic brick		Ceramic hollow brick ordinary
	250x120x65 mm		250x120x65 mm
Density:	1410 - 2000 kg/m3	Density:	1210 - 1400 kg/m3
	4 kg		2.6 kg
Strength grade:	M200	Strength grade:	M200
Frost resistance:	F100	Frost resistance:	F100
Thermal conductivity:	0.52 W/m°C	Thermal conductivity:	0.42 W/m°C
Water absorption:	9%	Water absorption:	9%
Voidness:	-	Voidness:	35%
	Red		Red
Price (2014):	14 RUR/piece	Price (2014):	9 RUR/piece

Real data from leading manufacturers of ceramic bricks in Russia for 2014.

The table presents average parameter values ​​taken from the websites of 10 leading Russian factories producing ceramic bricks based on the results of 2013. The calculation did not take into account the lowest/highest parameters, which can be artificially inflated.

Initial data for compiling the table (www.site):
factories_solid_ceramic_brick.xls , factories_hollow_ceramic_brick.xls

TOP 10 companies (2013) selected according to INFOline-Analytics research:
"Research: market of ceramic and sand-lime bricks in Russia."

TOP 10

1. Wienerberger | http://www.wienerberger.ru
2. Victory of LSR | http://lsrstena.ru/
3. StroyKeramikaService | http://www.td-scs.ru/
4. Slavic brick | http://www.slavkirp.ru/
5. Don brick | http://psk-dkz.ru/
6. United Brick Works | http://www.zavod-okm.ru/
7. Revdinsky conservatory | http://www.revkz.ru/
8. Verkhnevolzhsky conservatory
9. StroyPolymerCeramics | http://www.v-kirpich.ru/
10. Samara KKM

Ceramic brick for a country house

Ceramic brick is a universal building material for the construction of load-bearing and self-supporting walls, plinths, fences, partitions and other structures. It is more versatile in use, unlike sand-lime brick, but, like any other material, it has its advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages

• Environmental friendliness. Produced from environmentally friendly raw materials - clay.
• High strength and frost resistance.
• Versatility. Ordinary for laying load-bearing and self-supporting walls and other structures. Facing for cladding buildings. Fireclay for stoves and chimneys. Clinker for paving paths.
• Not deformable (virtually no shrinkage).
• Resistant to aggressive environments. Solid ordinary brick can be used for the construction of plinths and foundations.
• A wide variety of formats with different technical characteristics.
• Ceramic stones have low thermal conductivity (highly efficient), which makes it possible to build walls without the use of insulation.
• Unlike sand-lime brick, it has lower moisture absorption and has high fire resistance.

Flaws

• Possibility of efflorescence (salt discharge on the surface of the facing brick).
• More expensive in contrast to silicate. This is due to higher energy and labor costs during its creation and higher cost of raw materials.

Conclusion

Ceramic products are one of the most popular building materials for suburban construction due to their versatility and good performance characteristics. Particularly in demand in modern suburban construction have become parized blocks (warm ceramics), which, unlike standard bricks, have lower thermal conductivity and are sufficiently strong for low-rise housing construction. © www.site

What you especially need to pay attention to when choosing a brick:

. Single brick
Single brick is considered standard. Widely used for cladding cottages, building fences, etc. But single ordinary brick is rarely used. As a rule, it is full-bodied and hollow. Large bricks are preferable for laying partitions, load-bearing walls, and basement floors.
Single brick factories: Pochinkovsky, Losinoostrovsky, Vorotynsky, Markinsky, Zheleznogorsky, VVKZ, Mikhnevsky KZ, Engelssky KZ, Fokinsky plant

. One and a half brick
One-and-a-half bricks are mostly used as ordinary bricks and are used for the construction of partitions and load-bearing walls. As a facing brick, one-and-a-half (thickened) is used less often in private construction and more often in multi-story construction. This is due to the saving of mortar and the overall aesthetics of buildings.
One-and-a-half brick factories: Pochinkovsky, Losinoostrovsky, Vorotynsky, Markinsky, Zheleznogorsky, VVKZ, Mikhnevsky KZ, Mstera

. Bar
Bricks of this size are only gaining popularity. Block-sized facing bricks are often used in houses where materials that do not require additional insulation were used.
Factories for the production of brick blocks: LITOS, Zheleznogorsk conservatory

. EURO
Also the size of the facing brick is slightly thicker than a block, but in fact half of a single standard brick. We would like to draw your attention to the fact that the length -250 mm for all facing bricks is the same, and the height is different only for single - 65 mm and one and a half - 88 mm, the remaining dimensions change only in its thickness!
Factories producing EURO bricks: Zheleznogorsk conservatory, Wienerberger

. Double (Stone)
Until recently, one of the popular sizes of ordinary bricks for the construction of load-bearing walls of buildings and partitions. Also, double stone can be porous, which has high heat saving properties. With the advent of large format ceramic block, the use of double stone decreased.
Double Brick Plants: Mikhnevsky KZ, VVKZ, Sergo-Ivanovsky KZ

. 25th ceramic block (large format)
These are fairly new materials that are constantly gaining popularity. Used for the construction of high-tech and heat-saving buildings and cottages. Size 25 cm is its thickness. Suitable for creating interior walls, filling walls in monolithic high-rise buildings. Load-bearing walls are also possible, but they will require additional insulation.
Wienerberger, Braer, Gzhelsky KZ, KETRA

. 38th ceramic block (large format)
A large-format ceramic porous block of this size is used for the construction of load-bearing external walls that do not require additional insulation.
ATTENTION: It is necessary to use a special WARM SOLUTION for masonry.
Factories of large-format ceramics:

The name of red brick is determined by the technological features of its production. The dry clay mass is pre-cleaned and crushed, and additives are added to it. Bricks are formed from the resulting plastic mass, the dimensions of which correspond to the standards. The products are then dried and fired.

The result is a material whose high performance and cost-effectiveness are beyond doubt, but subject to the correct choice of type and accurate calculation of quantity. To do this easily, quickly and profitably, you need to have information about the sizes of each type of red brick.

Traditional marking system

Like any other, red brick has the shape of a parallelepiped, the length (longer edges) of which is slightly more than 2 times the width. However, gradually, taking into account building traditions, national sizing and marking systems were formed.

The standard dimensions of red brick correspond to the system adopted in 1927 with the aim of unifying construction procedures and convenience in calculating the amount of material.

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Single size normal format

The optimal parameters of ordinary solid bricks for creating longitudinal-transverse masonry are considered to be the following: 250x120x65 with a weight of approximately 3.5 kg.

This size of material is comfortable for a mason to hold in his hand.

• “Euro” (KE) - 250x85x65 (0.7 NF);
• thickened (KU) - 250x120x88 (1.4 NF);
• modular single (KM) - 288x138x65 (1.3 NF);
• thickened with horizontal voids (KUG) - 250x120x88 (1.4 NF).

In accordance with GOST requirements, each of the faces of a single brick must also have standardized parameters (in millimeters):

1. The working part, which is located parallel to the base of the masonry, the bed (250x120);
2. A large edge that is placed perpendicular to the bed, spoons (250x65);
3. The smaller edge is placed perpendicular to the bed, poke (120x65).

This ratio, as practice shows, is acceptable when alternating the longitudinal and transverse arrangement of the bars, and bricks from different manufacturers can be used for the construction of one object.

The dimensions of solid red bricks are also the main ones for the manufacture of hollow bricks. Unlike solid ones, hollow ones have improved thermal insulation and frost-resistant properties. This material is convenient for constructing walls or partitions, and therefore has a less durable structure.

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Derivations from normal format

One-and-a-half bricks began to be produced in the USSR in the 30s in order to speed up masonry. If there are 512 pieces in a cubic meter of ordinary brick, then for one and a half bricks this figure is more profitable - only 378 pieces. The cost of such material is not much higher, and the differences relate only to the thickness of the stone.

One-and-a-half and double bars, as a rule, are hollow, which makes it possible to reduce the weight of the walls. For ease of laying, their surface is uneven and has special tongue-and-groove elements.

The dimensions of one-and-a-half or thickened material are 1.4 NF (250x120x88), double - 2.1 NF (250x120x138). Single, one-and-a-half and double formats have the same height, which is important to take into account when calculating the material required for construction.

Specialist masons, in the process of laying the corners of walls for the purpose of bandaging them, prepare and use incomplete material (in millimeters):

• 3/4 NF (called three-four) - 180x120x65;
• 1/2 NF (half) - 120x120x65;
• 1/4 NF (four) - 60/65x120x65.

Increasingly, construction sites are using not standard bricks, but large-format blocks and stones, called “warm ceramics.”

These processes are related to the improvement of production. If previously the production conditions were not designed for firing large volumes of clay, now equipment is used that makes it possible to produce huge blocks that are strong and at the same time light in weight. It is not allowed to use in construction a material that has cracks along the height of the entire ceramic block.

Savings compared to ordinary bricks are achieved by reducing the volume of work of masons (payment for their labor), the consumption of plaster and insulating material.

There are a large number of formats of stones and blocks, the nominal sizes of which are indicated in GOST 530-2007. For example, the largest large-format stone with a coefficient of 14.3 NF has the following parameters: 510x250x219.

The state standard allows for the possibility of producing red bricks with dimensions different from the nominal ones. The permissible deviations in the manufacture of such material are the same as when determining a defect.

It is worth considering the fact that compliance with standard dimensions is an indicator of the quality of the building material. In accordance with GOST, deviation standards have been adopted, the excess of which allows bricks to be classified as defective. We indicate the numbers in millimeters, placing the norms for facing products in brackets:

• length - ±5 (±4);
• width - ±4 (±3);
• thickness - ±3 (from -2 to +3).