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Sergey Lysyuk. Executioners and state criminals. How did Private Sitnikov die?

Sergei Lysyuk was born on July 25, 1954 in the city of Borzya, Trans-Baikal Territory. In 1975, he graduated from the Ordzhonikidze Higher Military Command School of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR and was sent to serve in the Separate Motorized Rifle Division for Special Purposes named after Felix Dzerzhinsky of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR.

Lysyuk devoted more than fifteen years to the creation and development of the special forces of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The first special-purpose company, formed specifically for the XXII Summer Olympic Games in 1980 in Moscow as an anti-terrorist unit, eventually became a battalion, and then turned into the “Vityaz” detachment, commanded by Sergei Ivanovich for many years.

Sergei Lysyuk received his baptism of fire in Sumgait in February 1988. The special forces are given the task of cutting off the instigators of riots from the crowd. We managed then mainly thanks to general physical training. Then, together with the detachment, he took part in suppressing unrest and maintaining public order in Fergana, Nagorno-Karabakh, Yerevan, Baku, and other “hot spots” of the perestroika era.

Lysyuk repeatedly led his subordinates during special operations to free hostages. The special forces acted confidently and decisively when neutralizing terrorists in the Sukhumi temporary detention center, in one of the correctional labor colonies in the Urals, and in other emergency circumstances.

Sergei Ivanovich took a direct part in the October 1993 events in Moscow. On October 3, the Vityaz special forces detachment under the command of a lieutenant colonel carried out the task of protecting the Ostankino television center.

By decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 7, 1993, for the courage and heroism shown during the performance of a special task, Lieutenant Colonel Sergei Ivanovich Lysyuk was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation with the presentation of the Gold Star medal.

After leaving the army, Colonel Sergei Lysyuk became president of the Association of Social Protection of Special Forces Units “Brotherhood of Maroon Berets “Vityaz”” and a member of the board of the Union of Anti-Terror Veterans.

Awards of Sergei Lysyuk

Gold Star of the Hero of the Russian Federation - for courage and heroism

Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree

Order of the Red Banner

Order of the Red Star

Medal "For Military Merit"

Medal "In memory of the 850th anniversary of Moscow"

Medal "For Distinction in Military Service" 1st class

Medal "60 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"

Medal "70 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"

Medal "200 years of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia"

Medal "For interaction with the FSB of Russia"

Medal "For Impeccable Service" I, II and III degrees

On March 27, Russia celebrated Internal Troops Day. About the special operations of the special forces detachment “Vityaz”, how in 1993 in Ostankino the “Dzerzhintsy” prevented much bloodshed and the outbreak of a civil war, about the brotherhood of the “Maroon Berets” - about this Truth. Ru was told by Colonel of the special forces detachment, Hero of Russia Sergei Lysyuk.

"Maroon berets are the guarantor of the Constitution"

— Sergei Ivanovich, they say that it is difficult to imagine military special forces without you. Have you dreamed of serving since childhood?

- Yes. My father is a military man, my entire childhood was spent in military camps. I had a fairly conscious desire to become a military man when we were in the Polish People's Republic from 1959 to 1960. My father was then the deputy technical engineer of the auto company of the 7th motorized rifle regiment. As I remember now: military unit - field post 51412. Naturally, our childhood passed between barracks, clubs, training grounds. He was dragged out of the shooting range several times before the shooting began.

From the age of five until I graduated from school, I wanted to be a border guard. When we crossed the state border in Brest, I looked with envy at the people in green caps. When I entered the Moscow border school, the commission rejected me. Related units are internal troops. The Ordzhonikidzievsky school used to be a border school. That's why I entered this school.

I set a goal for myself - to serve in the Dzerzhinsky division - OMSDO - a separate special purpose motorized rifle division. It had to fight saboteurs and terrorists and ensure the security of the country. At school

— When and where did your baptism of fire take place?

— Quite a lot of us were rushing to Afghanistan. I wrote five or six reports, but they didn’t let me go. Internal troops have nothing to do there. Advisors and certain categories of soldiers and warrant officers were sent there - weapon gunners and armored personnel carrier drivers. But they didn’t take us there at first.

For me, the first hot spot was Sumgayit. I was on vacation, I had a small child, my wife was pregnant with her second child. When the commotion began there, the division was on our ears, I went to find out and said: write to me for a business trip. Colonel Rakitin (now a general) says: you are on vacation, you won’t go anywhere.

I flew there without permission, and then they retrospectively recalled me from vacation. After Sumgayit we went to Armenia, then to Baku... I wasn’t home for about four months. In general, there were business trips for up to 8 months a year. Suddenly they took me to Fergana. There, a large number of people were taken hostage in a department store. They were blocked and wanted to set them on fire. We freed people and caught extremists. Then there was Karabakh, in fact the entire Transcaucasus several times. We were in Transnistria. Then there were operations to free hostages in correctional labor colonies.

In hot spots, they mainly worked to disarm illegal military formations. There was a fairly serious operation in Karabakh, when we disarmed an illegal formation of 25-30 people. During the flight, one officer reported that he saw their base location; the group wanted to leave this place. We flew there in six helicopters and blocked this group. I started negotiating. After several hours, I persuaded them to surrender their weapons. In fact, they stood opposite each other for four hours - a cartridge in the chamber, loaded grenades. At different periods there was either active work or almost none.

It depended on the political leadership of the country. When Gorbachev was in power, we were often given the command to begin disarmament of illegal groups, and then this combat mission was canceled. We just passed the pass - Stop! Back! Stop, wait. Again you can, then you can’t. It was somehow indecisive. Or they’ve already surrounded us, and they tell us to retreat. Some local elite called to the very top, they reached Gorbachev and said that there was no need to do anything. And the central government followed their lead. It was this kind of softness that led to the collapse of the Soviet Union.

— Did you have to violate the order and complete the operation?

— It happened in Sukhumi when hostages were taken in a temporary detention center. The organizer was a death row prisoner. A year before that, we were already in Sukhumi, disarming the population, when one village stood up against another. And in the pre-trial detention center we had already drawn up a plan and were ready to begin the operation. Then General Starikov comes and says: no, you won’t go, let Alpha storm. Karpukhin and I went and contacted Kryuchkov and told him what the situation was. But no one made a decision, everyone left the topic. We started to escalate: like, the situation is getting out of control, we urgently need to storm. But there was never an order to storm from Gorbachev. Kryuchkov also said something vague.

We returned and Karpukhin said: “They told us to storm.” The prosecutor, who was nearby, as soon as they gave him the plan to sign, disappeared somewhere, so the assault plan was never signed. But we did it as we planned. The operation was completed normally in a few minutes.

— Sergei Ivanovich, you stood at the origins of the “Vityaz” detachment. Is this your brainchild?

“Mine” is said loudly. - Many people think so. — The idea of such special forces was born in 1978. A political decision was made by the CPSU Central Committee for the Olympic Games. We consider Lieutenant General Sidorov to be the father of special forces. He was a front-line soldier, commanded penal prisoners, and was the head of combat training. This is our father, who actually created the special forces, he took into account the opinion of the soldiers. He was quite tough, strong, and fighting. The development of special forces was given by the commander of the internal troops, Colonel General Shatalin Yuri Vasilyevich. He is like a godfather to us.

Well, we showed initiative, creativity, loved and did our job, tried to make our unit better. I served for 17 years, tried to ensure that various innovations and ideas were accepted and came. Not everything was according to orders, according to regulations, or official. The same test for the right to wear maroon berets began to take place officially only after 1993. Before that we didn't even talk about her. Because there were such serious tests that were not included in the combat training plans. We wrote into the plans that this was a test exercise; no one really knew that we were presenting berets there.

But such moments contribute to the formation of the fighting character and spirit of people, because above all else in special forces is the spirit. The spirit laid down then remains today. These are the traditions, those fighters who were the first to serve as an example. The special forces of the internal troops are truly the elite, they are authoritative structures. And the fact that any of the most difficult tasks that are assigned to them are completed is precisely the merit of the first people who laid down the traditions.

— Why did you receive the Hero Star in 1993?

— These were the events when presidential rule was introduced in September 1993 due to a conflict of authorities. At the cost of blood, a greater tragedy like the one now happening in Ukraine was stopped. We could have come to this at that moment. There was also a big mistake regarding the first Chechen campaign, when Yeltsin was unable to show flexibility and meet with Dudayev, agree and resolve issues politically. In any situation, the most important thing is negotiation. The wisdom of politicians is above all. It's always better to avoid major bloodshed. But what happened happened.

And in 1993, I received the task of taking security over the television center when events began near the White House. As we moved, a team of rebels overtook us. People were excited, joyful, some with weapons, some without. When we approached the television center there were already more than a thousand people in the square. There were about 20 people with me on the first armored personnel carrier. We ran along the corridor and in the lobby we encountered Makashov and armed people. We ordered them to leave the building under threat of execution. If we were even 30-40 seconds late, they would have already entered. Then we would have to fight inside the building. We took up positions.

And the rebels began to revive. They started shooting. Some of our soldiers were killed. The first attack was repulsed, and then they were not allowed to approach. There were a few more attacks, but not very intense. We did it. There was little bloodshed. Then the situation was turned around. Makashov is a military man, he is a performer. But Rutskoy was the political leader. And Dzerzhinsky’s division has always been and remains a guarantor of stability.

See also photo report

Sergei Ivanovich Lysyuk(born July 25, 1954, Borzya, Chita region, RSFSR, USSR) - colonel, Hero of the Russian Federation.

Biography

1975 - graduated from the Ordzhonikidze Higher Military Command Red Banner School named after. S. M. Kirov Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR.

After graduating from college, he was sent to serve in the Separate Special Purpose Motorized Rifle Division named after. F. E. Dzerzhinsky Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR.

Consistently held the following positions:

platoon commander,
deputy commander of a special forces training company
commander of a special forces training company,
battalion commander
commander of the special forces detachment “Vityaz” (until 1994).

After leaving the army, he became president of the Association of Social Protection of Special Forces Units “Brotherhood of Maroon Berets “Vityaz”” and a member of the board of the Union of Anti-Terror Veterans.

Participation in combat operations

Participated in suppressing unrest and maintaining public order during the Sumgait pogrom (1988), the Armenian pogrom in Baku (1990), the Karabakh conflict (1991), etc.

He led his subordinates during special operations to free hostages, including neutralizing terrorists in the Sukhumi temporary detention center and in one of the correctional labor colonies in the Urals.

Events of October 1993 in Moscow

He took direct part in the October 1993 events in Moscow. On October 3, 1993, the Vityaz detachment under the command of Lieutenant Colonel S.I. Lysyuk opened fire on people who were near the Ostankino television center, as a result of which at least 46 people were killed and at least 124 were wounded. For participation in the October events of 1993, S.I. Lysyuk was nominated for the title of Hero of Russia.

Awards

Hero of the Russian Federation - for courage and heroism (October 7, 1993),
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree,
Order of the Red Banner,
Order of the Red Star,
Order "For Personal Courage"
Medal "For Military Merit"
Medal "For Distinction in Military Service" 1st and 2nd class.

The entire officer service of Sergei Ivanovich Lysyuk is inextricably linked with OMSDON. He devoted more than 15 years to the creation and development of special forces of internal troops. The first special-purpose company, formed for the Moscow Olympics as an anti-terrorist unit, eventually became a battalion, and then turned into the “Vityaz” detachment, commanded by Lysyuk for many years.

He received baptism of fire in Sumgait in February 1988. The special forces were given the task of cutting off the instigators of riots from the crowd. We managed then mainly due to general physical training. Wisdom came with experience, and Lysyuk’s detachment gained experience in Fergana, Nagorno-Karabakh, Yerevan, Baku, and other hot spots of the perestroika era.

Repeatedly Sergei Ivanovich led his subordinates during special operations to free hostages. Lysyuk's special forces acted confidently and decisively when neutralizing terrorists in the Sukhumi temporary detention center, in one of the correctional labor colonies in the Urals, and in other emergency circumstances.

Colonel Sergei Ivanovich Lysyuk was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, Red Banner, Red Star and For Personal Courage, medals For Military Merit, For Distinction in Military Service, I degree. By decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 7, 1993, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.