Materials for fireplaces. Concrete fireplaces Construction of a concrete fireplace in a finished room

Today, stone fireplaces are very popular. They look expensive, stylish and sophisticated. However, for those who prefer to build a more budget-friendly option in their home or country house with their own hands, we recommend paying attention to a concrete fireplace. Concrete belongs to the category of inexpensive materials, and also tolerates high temperatures well, is easy to work with, and allows you to imitate any cladding and texture.

A fireplace facing with natural stone certainly looks very stylish. However, the cost of such a portal is quite high, and installation and assembly of the frame is impossible without experience, professional tools and large financial investments. In this case, concrete has an advantage, since even an inexperienced beginner can work with it.

the fireplace portal can be made of a concrete base mixed on a certain basis. A composition based on glass fiber reinforced concrete is very popular. If we look at the composition in more detail, this substance consists of reinforced particles and glass fibers. Due to this, the furnace portal gains maximum strength, stability, and tolerates high temperatures well.

A fireplace, the finishing and assembly of which is made of concrete, can have not only a frame made of this material. Concrete can be used to create individual walls or partitions of the structure, a mantelpiece, a countertop and other decorative elements of the stove.

By using additional cladding of the prepared concrete surface, it is possible to perform a very high-quality, original and realistic imitation of any material or texture. The material may be similar to marble, granite, limestone, sandstone. Due to this, many designers and architects prefer to use this coating.

A fireplace, the portal of which will be made by hand in a house or country house from concrete, will have a large mass. At the first stage, you will need to choose the most suitable, safe and spacious room in the house. After this, we determine the location method and dimensions of the heating unit. The location of the fireplace in the interior can be very diverse. The most common are corner, island, wall, built-in and hanging fireplace stoves.

At the first stage, it is necessary to prepare an additional foundation, which in no case should be combined with the house. We dig a hole, the dimensions of which will be on average 150-200 millimeters larger than the dimensions of the fireplace itself. A thin layer of sand or sand + gravel in a 1/1 ratio is placed and compacted at the bottom of the pit. Next, we form a sand cushion, the height of which varies from 100 to 700 millimeters and depends on the quality of the soil.

At the second stage of the work, we will need to prepare a solution based on Portland cement and sand and gravel. The proportion will be 1 to 4. Fill the first layer, level it, lay the reinforcement grid and fill it with the second layer of mortar. We compact it and leave it until completely dry for 3-7 days. Next, you can begin to form the firebox and fireplace portal.

Such a home can either be formed entirely of concrete (monolithic) or consist of individual decorative elements. Today, both classic and modern frames are popular, complemented by various patterns, ornaments, three-dimensional patterns, curls, and columns. The texture and surface of the fireplace portal can be either perfectly smooth and glossy, or rough and matte.

If necessary or lack of free time, you can buy a ready-made portal or fireplace lining in our specialized online store.

Outdoor fireplaces made of concrete

A fireplace, with which the cottage will look stylish and cozy, can be located not only indoors, but also on the veranda or outdoors. An outdoor fireplace will be an alternative to a structure such as a grill or barbecue. You can relax and gather around it in the company of friends and family.

An outdoor fireplace can be island, wall, or corner. A fireplace whose firebox is built into the wall is classified as built-in. In this case, the chimney is located and routed inside the wall or adjacent partition. In its structure and design features, such a heating unit is no different from a home fireplace.

A wall-type outdoor stove is installed close to the wall of a house, veranda or gazebo. To ensure the proper level of fire safety, the wall is pre-lined and insulated with fire-resistant materials.

A fireplace, for which marble is the main material, can be additionally decorated and decorated with concrete parts and elements. This will reduce the final cost and minimize cash costs.

For spacious gardens, verandas and gazebos, you can opt for a fairly massive structure. This category includes an island fireplace, which can be installed anywhere, including in the center.

You can also choose a special concrete solution, which contains high-alumina cement and additional fire-resistant additives, as the basis for an outdoor stove. This fireplace base is highly durable and can withstand heating temperatures reaching 1000-1500 degrees.

For such structures it will also be necessary to build an additional foundation, the structure of which is not much different from a home one. To do this, we dig a pit, the depth of which will be about 300-400 millimeters. The bottom is covered with a layer of sand, which, after compaction, is filled with cement and reinforced with reinforcing bars.

To ensure that the quality of parts and design remains at the proper level, they are manufactured and formed from a fire-resistant composition. To give the required shape we use wooden formwork. To prevent the composition from sticking to the molds, the walls are covered with plastic bags.

The assembly of the fireplace portal and the interconnection of individual parts and elements is carried out using a cement adhesive base, which, if desired, can be replaced with fire-resistant thermal adhesive.

You can make a simple concrete fireplace from ready-made parts and elements. You can buy or order so-called “rings for wells” at a specialized reinforced concrete enterprise. With the help of such rings, you can shape the depth of the hearth and place it both on the surface and a little deeper into the ground. The fireplace insert can be open or closed at your discretion.

To form such a fireplace portal from rings, each element is placed on the previous one. For better adhesion and stability of the structure, and also if you want to assemble a tall fireplace with your own hands, cement mortar is used.

At the last stage, the fireplace installation is designed. For this, you can use any non-flammable and environmentally friendly cladding. A stove lined with natural stone on the outside and inside of the firebox will look beautiful and stylish. However, do not forget that lining the inside of the combustion chamber with stone will significantly reduce the amount of free space.

You can also install an artificial fireplace in the garden, in the hearth of which a real flame will not burn. Such a firebox is nothing more than decoration and has no benefit.

Before placing a concrete fireplace at home or in the garden, it is important to familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for its installation.

As a ready-made solution, you can take care not only of the appearance of the stove itself, but also of the space surrounding it. To do this, the garden or any other area must be properly landscaped. If this is a garden, you need to level the surface, plant flowers or beautiful lawn grass. If you plan to spend evenings near an outdoor fireplace, it is important to take care of the necessary garden furniture. These can be either simple chairs or small benches, armchairs, sofas, hanging cocoons, or a hammock. For additional convenience, you can prepare the floor surface and cover it with a material such as stone, concrete or ceramic tiles.

You can make your outdoor fireplace even more functional and useful by equipping it with a special grate on which you can cook food. You can also additionally design a barbecue stand, equip the oven with a hob for one or more burners, or an oven. This will allow you to cook food right outside and not take up more free space in the house.

Particularly convenient to use are gratings and racks of the combined type, the height of which can be varied manually. Thus, the grate can be closer or further from the fire burning in the firebox, and you, in turn, can shape the speed and intensity of frying/baking food.

As an alternative and spectacular option, you can equip an outdoor oven with a grate, which is attached to special chains located on both sides. This design will harmonize favorably with both classic and modern, as well as with more complex styles (loft, country, Provence).

An open hearth is primarily a risk of fire in a house or garden. Therefore, do not use flammable or flammable materials to decorate the firebox. The surface and space around the fireplace must be lined with fireproof materials. You can make a small platform lined with ceramic tiles or stone.

Do not build a fireplace near your loved one’s house, gazebo, bathhouse or any other building. Also, you should not place such a street structure near various objects, trees, or flowerpots.

When choosing finishes and materials, pay attention not only to the design of the portal and firebox, but also to the overall design of the house and garden. The chosen style and materials should intersect favorably, look harmonious, holistic and create an overall picture. We recommend avoiding many materials, textures, and bright colors.

If you cannot choose the style for your stove or fireplace yourself, use the services of a professional designer.

This video provides a visual step-by-step guide, instructions on how to assemble a fireplace from concrete and ready-made elements, blocks, with your own hands, at home, with minimal money and time costs:

With all the variety of modern materials for decoration and construction, a concrete fireplace is one of the most popular options today. The fact is that concrete is quite easy to work with and, most importantly, it can imitate absolutely any material.

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Advantages of the material and features of construction in the house

A fireplace made of natural stone is, of course, very beautiful. However, it is not easy to implement and costs quite a lot of money. Concrete in this case will save money and time.

To make a fireplace portal, a special durable concrete mixture is used, for example, glass fiber reinforced concrete - a material reinforced with fiberglass. This material can withstand heavy loads, but at the same time it is lightweight and economical.

You can use concrete to create not only a portal, but also internal walls, as well as a mantelpiece. In skillful hands, concrete provides a huge field for experimentation: modern finishing technologies make it possible to “transform” it into any material. The texture of natural stone - limestone, sandstone, granite - will be visually indistinguishable from the real thing. This is a real find for an interior designer.

The construction of any fireplace begins with the foundation. After you have decided on the location and size of the fireplace (or rather, its base - the fireplace table), you need to dig a hole, which in size will exceed the parameters of the table by 15-20 cm. The bottom of the hole must be filled with sand or a mixture of sand and gravel (this depends on the properties of the soil). The height of the sand cushion is from 10 to 70 cm, depending on the soil. The sand layer should be perfectly smooth and well compacted.

After this, concrete is poured into the hole. The best option for a home fireplace is to mix Portland cement and sand and gravel mixture in a proportion of ¼. One layer is poured with this mixture, then a metal grate is placed, and a second layer of concrete is placed on top. It will take a couple of days for the foundation to harden. After this, you can build a fireplace chamber, firebox, shelf and portal.

Concrete will allow you to make a portal of absolutely any shape and type. Today, ascetic monolithic portals, classic-looking cladding with columns and ornate patterns, rough “brick” (concrete imitation) or with the texture of natural stone are popular.

By the way, a concrete portal can also be purchased ready-made.

Concrete fireplace is an excellent solution for the street

This design will successfully replace the barbecue - evening gatherings by the fire with a fireplace will become much more comfortable. Outdoor fireplaces can be built-in, wall-mounted or island.

The built-in fireplace is built directly into the wall of the house, the chimney from it goes inside the walls. In fact, it differs from a home built-in fireplace in that it is located on the outside of the wall.

A wall-mounted outdoor fireplace is built close to the wall outside, like a chest of drawers.

An island fireplace can be placed anywhere - in fact, it is an independent stove that can be located in the place where the owner of the house wishes. An easy-to-make and original outdoor fireplace can be made from concrete parts and decorated with natural stone.

The basis for such a fireplace will be a fireproof mixture. It consists of high-alumina cement and special fire-resistant additives. Such a fireplace will withstand temperatures up to 1500°C and will be very durable and stable.

The foundation is made almost the same as for a home fireplace. It is necessary to make a hole 30-40 cm deep, pour an even and dense layer of sand and fill it with cement, reinforcing the structure with reinforcement.

The fireplace parts themselves (what they will be like is an individual decision) are cast from a refractory mixture. This will require formwork of various shapes: usually it is made of thin wooden slats, lined with polyethylene on the inside to make it easier to remove frozen parts.

Very quickly and simply, an open hearth in a summer cottage or garden can be made from concrete rings. You can purchase such rings at any reinforced concrete products factory; they are usually called “well rings.”

Depending on the desired depth of the hearth and the type of rings purchased, you can make a high fireplace or a very low, open one. It can be placed on the ground, or it can be partially dug in - then the fire will burn not on the surface, but in the depths.

The rings are placed on top of each other (for strength, you can connect them with cement). Then you need to decorate the hearth - the most beautiful way is to surround it with stones. Such work will look very neat and finished if the “well” is decorated with stone not only from the outside, but also from the inside. You just have to take into account that the interior design will partially “eat up” the space for the firebox.

It is also best to improve the area around such an improvised fireplace - level or tile the floor, put chairs and benches. A canopy would also be useful. To cook food over such a fireplace, you can use a special stand with a barbecue grill. A metal support is placed next to the firebox, and the grate is lowered to the required distance from the fire. There is also a very original barbecue grill hanging above the fire on chains that are attached to a high support.

A fireplace in the house or outdoors will create a pleasant feeling of warmth and comfort. It is rightfully considered a symbol of prosperity, as well as love and a burning family hearth.

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exchange. A week at SISTROM is an absolute pleasure. Technology,

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Gratitude - without a doubt to our lecturer - Vladimir Efimovich,

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Quite often, when carrying out independent work, one is pleased not so much with the result as with the very fact of the existence of a creation of one’s own production. Those who want to equip their premises with a fireplace choose its type not only according to its functional qualities, but also according to the complexity of the work. Some options cannot be installed in an apartment, due to the weight or dimensions of the fireplace, the presence of a chimney or foundation. Nevertheless, for any room it is possible to choose a specific model that you can make with your own hands, for example, from concrete.

Modern minimalist design

Fireplaces made of concrete rings

Currently, a wide selection of building materials allows you to select any components according to certain criteria. Concrete rings made from fire-resistant mixtures are ready for use in the most severe conditions of high temperatures, which means that a fireplace can be made from such rings.

Manufacturers produce tiles and rings, which, according to the instructions, are assembled into a single product. Since a concrete fireplace is quite massive, it is impossible to transport it in one piece. The possibility of a modular structure allows you to quickly assemble a device that will have the same properties as.

Assembly

Installing a concrete fireplace with your own hands begins with preparing the foundation.

• It is considered optimal to carry out all the work during the construction stage of a house, but not all people at this stage think about whether they will have a fireplace. In addition, housing can be purchased on the secondary market. If you decide to carry out work in a built house, you will have to dismantle the floor.
• The foundation must be built in such a way that it does not have common connections with the foundation of the house. The house will settle, and this should not affect the integrity of the fireplace. The depth of the pit should exceed half a meter. The base area is slightly larger than the area of ​​the fireplace body. Sand and crushed stone are poured onto the bottom of the pit as filling, and then the solution is poured. The solution is prepared in a ratio of 1 to 4 (cement and sand, respectively).
• The last 2-3 rows represent brickwork. Roofing felt is placed between the mortar and the masonry to remove moisture. The level of the foundation must coincide with the floor covering. Do not rush to start building a fireplace. The hardening time of the solution can reach a week.

Project 7

For those who are not good at bricklaying, this garden fireplace (Fig. 56) is suitable, the parts of which are cast from a refractory mixture, after which the hearth is lined with natural stone. The latter circumstance makes it possible to mask small defects that cannot be excluded during casting.

Required: 1 kg of beef liver, 300 g of lard, 200 g of onions, 500 ml of kefir, coriander seeds, cumin, basil and parsley, ground black pepper and salt to taste.

Cooking method: Peel and chop the onion. Rinse the liver, remove films and ducts, cut into small pieces, add salt, pepper, sprinkle with onions, cumin and coriander seeds, pour in kefir and leave for 45-60 minutes, then wrap in lard slices, thread on skewers and fry until tender. . Before serving, transfer the kebabs to a plate and garnish with herbs.

Required:

1) Portland cement M400 - 25 kg;

2) sand - 50 kg;

3) crushed stone - 75 kg;

4) reinforcing bar -10-12 m (diameter 6 mm);

5) knitting wire;

6) refractory mixture based on high-alumina cement and fireclay as a filler - 150-180 kg;

7) fine mesh metal mesh - 50 cm;

8) thin boards;

9) polyethylene film;

10) roofing felt;

11) nails;

12) tile adhesive;

13) knitting wire;

14) natural stone;

15) hammer, spatula, shovel, building level.

Two hundred recipes for excellent shish kebab
Required: 1 kg of pork liver, 300 g of lard, 1 head of garlic, 1 lemon, cilantro and basil, coriander seeds, ground black pepper and salt to taste.

Cooking method: Peel the garlic and chop finely. Rinse the liver, remove films and ducts, cut into small pieces, sprinkle with coriander seeds, pepper, pour over freshly squeezed lemon juice and keep for 45-60 minutes in a cool place, then stuff with garlic, salt, string on skewers, alternating with pieces of lard, and fry until done. Before serving, transfer the kebab to a plate and garnish with herbs.

1. Lay a foundation slab under the fireplace, for which dig a hole measuring 100 x 100 cm and a depth of 20-30 cm, level it with a layer of sand and fill it with mortar, after connecting the reinforcing bars with knitting wire in the form of a lattice with a pitch of 150 mm. In addition, they can be positioned arbitrarily in all directions. Make sure the base is level.

2. While the concrete is curing, use thin boards to make formwork for the fireplace parts in accordance with Fig. 57 and cast all the necessary parts from the refractory mixture, closing it according to the manufacturer's instructions. To ensure that the castings are easily removed from the formwork, first cover it with plastic film.

3. Assemble the finished fireplace parts by placing them on tile adhesive (you can also use cement mortar). Apply it in concentric rolls to ensure the workpieces are securely connected. Don't forget to lay strips of roofing felt under the base of the fireplace for waterproofing.

Two hundred recipes for excellent shish kebab
Required: 1.5 kg of beef kidneys, 500 g of onions, 500 ml of kefir, 300 ml of pomegranate juice, 1 head of garlic, basil and parsley, coriander seeds, ground black pepper and salt to taste.

Cooking method: Peel and chop the onion. Peel the garlic and pass through a garlic press. Pour the kidneys with cold water and leave for several hours, changing the water at least 3 times, then cut into small pieces, sprinkle with onions and coriander seeds, salt, pepper, pour in kefir and marinate for 1-2 hours, and then thread on skewers and fry until tender. . Before serving, transfer the kebab to a plate, pour over a mixture of pomegranate juice and garlic, and garnish with herbs.

4. Place a metal mesh between the pipe sections to serve as a spark arrestor.

5. Upon completion of work, finish the fireplace with natural stone, placing it on the same adhesive composition. Project 8

Now in specialized stores you can easily purchase a set of elements made of heat-resistant concrete (Fig. 58), from which you can assemble a garden fireplace with a grill (Fig. 59).

This is much easier to do than putting together a full-fledged high-quality brick structure. Therefore, if you are not confident in your abilities, take advantage of this offer from the construction industry.

Two hundred recipes for excellent shish kebab
Required: 1 kg pork heart, 200 ml red wine vinegar, 300 g champignons, 200 g tomatoes, 100 g onions, cumin, dill and parsley, ground black pepper and salt to taste.

Cooking method: Remove the vessels from the heart, rinse, cut into pieces, salt, pepper, sprinkle with cumin crushed in your hands, pour over vinegar and marinate for 1-1.5 hours. Peel the mushrooms, rinse and cut in half, the onions into thick rings, and the tomatoes into slices. Thread pieces of meat onto skewers, alternating with vegetables and mushrooms, and fry until tender, periodically sprinkling with marinade. Before serving, transfer the skewers to a plate and garnish with herbs.

Required:

1) a set of elements;

2) dry fireclay mixture for mortar;

3) Portland cement M400;

4) crushed stone (gravel);

5) roofing felt;

6) spatula, building level.

Two hundred recipes for excellent shish kebab
Required: 1 kg of beef heart, 100 ml of corn oil, 150 ml of table vinegar, 100 g of onions, 1 head of garlic, 1 lemon, 2 pods of hot pepper, ground black pepper and salt to taste.

Cooking method: Peel and crush the garlic. Finely chop the hot pepper, add salt and pour in half the vinegar. Remove the blood vessels from the heart, cut into small pieces, pour over the marinade and leave for 3-4 hours, then thread onto skewers and fry until tender. Before serving, transfer the kebab to a plate and pour over a sauce made from lemon juice, corn oil, chopped onion, remaining vinegar, black pepper and salt.

1. Set aside an area where the fireplace will be built, remove the top layer of soil and dig a pit 20-30 cm deep and 10 cm larger than the dimensions of the fireplace base on each side.

2. Pour fine crushed stone (gravel) into the pit, compact and level it, and then fill it with concrete. The surface of the site must be absolutely level, which must be controlled by the building level. If there are errors, they should be eliminated using a solution.

3. When the concrete has hardened sufficiently (after about 5-7 days), lay a layer of roofing felt on it as a waterproofing material.

Two hundred recipes for excellent shish kebab
Required: 1 kg of lamb liver, 200 g of fat tail fat, hot ketchup, cumin, coriander seeds, cilantro, green onions, ground black pepper and salt to taste.

Cooking method: Free the liver from ducts and film, cut into slices no more than 2 cm thick, salt, pepper, sprinkle with cumin and coriander seeds, mix, string on skewers, through with pieces of lard, twice the size, and fry until tender. Serve the kebab on the table with ketchup, garnish with green onions and herbs.

4. Assemble the fireplace by placing the lower part of the structure with compartments for firewood on the base, and place the firebox base plate on it. At the same time, make sure that the distance from its edges to the bottom is the same on all sides. Install the back and side walls of the firebox and lining slabs onto the mortar. Check that the grill grate fits freely into the firebox opening and make adjustments while the grout cures. Place the next element - the smoke collector - on the solution.

Remove any escaping solution. Protect the mounted parts from the solution, for example, with newspaper. Put a cap on the smoke collector, and the end on it, using a solution of fireclay clay (wipe the structure with a rag soaked in water. But do not rush to use the fireplace. It must be left for several days so that the solution finally hardens. But then, before you put place a piece of meat on the grate, heat the fireplace with dry wood for 20-30 minutes.