Why is a jumper needed on a hard drive? Jumpers for window and door openings: calculation, DIY production Location of jumpers on the hard drive
Optical drives and harsh disks can work in one of 3 modes: “Master”, “Slave” and “Cable select”. If on the former you need to move one jumper each to select a mode, then on the latter you often need two or three. Standard SATA drives also have jumpers, but they are prepared for something else.
Instructions
1. If the drive is installed in a computer, before moving any items on it, jumpers, shut down the operating system, turn off the computer's power, remove the cable and power cable from the hard drive, remembering their locations in advance, and then remove the drive itself (without this, you will not see the sticker located on it).
2. Check out the images on the sticker. If you have a rough disk with an IDE interface, this sticker traditionally shows three layouts of jumpers: for the “Master”, “Slave” and “Cable select” modes. Occasionally there is a fourth picture showing how to place jumpers in order to unnaturally reduce the storage capacity to 32 gigabytes (this is sometimes necessary for working with dilapidated motherboards). In the Linux operating system, this mode is not traditionally required to be used, even when using such boards, because this OS works directly with hard drives.
3. Sami jumpers located on the same side wall as the connectors. It is possible to determine where the top of the field for installing jumpers is based on the landmarks, which are traditionally also shown in the figure. Such a reference point could be, say, a missing total.
4. Sami jumpers move using tiny pliers. Occasionally, one drive configuration option requires fewer jumpers than another. Consequently, if you have extra jumpers, you will save them from the fact that in the future you may need to turn everything back.
5. In very rare cases, there is no sticker with an illustration on the drive. If you find yourself in such a situation, notify the drive model in the forum where hard drive repair experts communicate. Ask them for a diagram of the location of the jumpers on the drive of this model.
6. When two devices are located on one loop (no matter severe disks or optical drives), you should either prefer the “Master” mode on one of them, and “Slave” on the other, or prefer the “Cable select” mode on both.
7. Drives with a SATA interface do not have “Master” and “Slave” modes. Their jumpers are prepared for other purposes. Particularly common jumpers to reduce the data exchange rate from 3 to 1.5 gigabits per second. They are designed to ensure compatibility of the hard drive with older motherboards. Occasionally there are jumpers that control the energy saving mode. Their purpose is actually invariably indicated on the drive sticker.
8. Having changed the location of the jumpers, install the drive in place with the board facing down, secure it, and then connect the cables in the same way as they were connected previously. Turn on the computer and make sure that all drives are functional.
When hard drives use an 80-wire cable (IDE cable), it is possible to connect two devices on one cable, “connected” to the help jumpers. A normal jumper is a jumper that determines the dominance of one hard drive when installing a second and additional ones. The idea is to short-circuit two contacts on the system board.
Instructions
1. The main one will be called “master” - the main system is loaded from it, and the secondary one will be called “slave”. This is indicated by the inscriptions on the jumper and on the board. Next to it is traditionally placed a diagram showing the various locations of the jumpers. This scheme is not universal; it is different for the entire model and different manufacturers. Information on connection can also be found on the manufacturer’s website based on the computer model.
2. You can not strictly assign master/slave to the device, but set Cable Select. When the computer is running, the disks themselves will be distributed, which of them is dominant and which is secondary. This occurs due to the device being connected to one or another connector on the cable.
3. In fact, the terms Master and Slave are very abstract; a “master” drive has no superiority over a hard drive configured as a “slave”. But as usual, the primary one when connecting will be the rough disk, the secondary one will be the CD-ROM.
4. When connecting the 2nd hard drive, load one of the cables with two hard drives, defining the “Master” and “Slave” on the motherboard.
5. Connect the CD-ROM with a second cable to the second channel on the motherboard and set it to “Master”. If the system has one rough disk and a CD-ROM, then it will be positive to determine their place on various cables, so as not to load the controller.
Video on the topic
Turn over the damaged rough disk You are allowed to enter the store within 14 days after the purchase, after a quality examination and a written statement have been carried out. Bringing a rough volume back to life, i.e. try to recover lost data from it, in some cases it is possible at home using special programs.
Instructions
1. As soon as there is a loss of information stored on disk That is, you should immediately turn off the computer, open its case and remove the hard drive. The need for these actions is due to the fact that data that could be restored will most likely be overwritten when the system starts. Therefore, do not try to work on a computer with lost information.
2. Try connecting the hard drive with data to another computer in Slave mode. Use the specialized PC Inspector File Recovery application, available for free download on the Internet. The program will search for deleted files and display a report on the computer screen. Select the ones you need and save them.
3. If volumes are not displayed in Windows Explorer, we recommend using MBRTool. The program is free and distributed freely. The cause of the problem may be damage to the master boot table (MBR), or rather its sector tables. MBRTool will review existing file structures and repair damaged tables.
4. Perform the check disk and on damaged sectors. Please note that service center technicians do not recommend using the built-in ScanDisk or F Disk utilities. Preference is given to the hard drive manufacturer's software. disk and the correction of bad sectors is done using the specialized dd_rescue utility. It is believed that this Linux program can bring back to life the highest number of damaged hard drive sectors.
5. The origin of a characteristic odor may indicate that the controller has burned out. In this case, you can try to replace the board with the same one from a spare one. disk A. A screwdriver is enough for this operation. For more serious mechanical damage, it is recommended to contact a service center.
Video on the topic
Rude disk, or hard drive, is the main device for storing information in the system unit. The speed of the computer and the safety of data largely depend on its collations.
Instructions
1. Determine the type and collation of hard disk but permitted by external inspection. The sticker at the top indicates the model and manufacturer of the equipment, as well as the number of heads and cylinders.
2. If rude disk is already installed in the system unit, and you don’t want to remove it from there, try getting information from the BIOS. Restart your computer and press the Pause/Break key when information about your computer's devices appears on the screen. To continue the summary, use Enter. Press these keys one by one until it comes to hard disk A.
3. There is another method. After the initial boot, wait until a prompt similar to this appears on the screen: “Press Delete to setup”. Instead of Delete, the BIOS developer can specify another key, usually one of the function keys. Press this key to enter the BIOS settings menu. Find in the menu items information about IDE, SCSI or SATA devices, depending on which interface is used in your system unit.
4. Get hard data disk This is not allowed using Windows tools. Call up the program launch line using the hot keys Win + R or select the “Run” option from the “Start” menu. Enter the msconfig command. In the system settings window, go to the “Service” tab, find the “System Data” item and click the “Run” button. In the “System Data” list, expand the “Storage Devices” node and click on “Disks”.
5. If physical disk divided into logical volumes, you will see two “Disks” items. One will contain data on logical disk ah, in another – about physical devices, i.e. a complete statement of their properties: serial number, cluster size, number of cylinders, sectors, tracks and logical partitions.
6. Determine the collation of devices, including hard disk Yes, it is allowed with the help of third-party programs. One of them, PC Wizard, is available for free download on the developer’s website. Download and install the program. After launch, click on the “Steel” button and in the “Element” list, click on the “Disk” icon.
Video on the topic
So what is a jumper? Otherwise called a jumper, it short-circuits two contacts. Nowadays, the jumper system is mainly used in motherboards to solve certain problems. For example, a jumper is needed to reset settings. Almost all jumpers look different in shape, but the method of application is the same.
What are jumpers for?
There are hard drives that use an 80-wire cable, it’s called an IDE cable, and you can connect two devices to it. You only need to indicate which device is primary and which is secondary. This is why a jumper exists; there is a special place on hard drives where jumpers are switched. Usually on the disks themselves there is a drawing on how to correctly connect the jumper so that the equipment works as the main one or as an additional one.
Jumpers on SATA hard drives, due to the peculiarities of the interface topology, do not require additional changes to the jumper installation when connecting to the controller. But there are still jumpers on the disks.
The use of jumpers is necessary only in some situations, for example, on a Seagate HDD with a SATA interface, the jumper block has only a technological purpose; no user actions are provided for with them. On a Seagate HDD with a SATA-II interface, one of the jumpers, when in a closed state, limits the operation of the interface to SATA150 (it should be SATA300). The need for this is to ensure backward compatibility with some SATA controllers, these primarily include those built into VIA chipsets.
For HDDs that currently exist, differences in operating speed between SATA modes have virtually no effect on computer performance. If your computer's controller supports this mode, and there is a limiting jumper on the HDD, the only measurable speed characteristic that can decrease slightly, NCQ remains operational.
In addition to the OPT1 jumper, which performs the same function as the Seagate SATA150 jumper, it is possible to enable/disable the SSC function, which may be required for compatibility with many controllers; in most cases, such a jumper should be left in the default position.
Jumper PM2 must be used only when RAID arrays are used in order to implement sequential startup of the HDD. In this case, you will need a controller that will support this function.
How it works.
In many devices, jumpers are used to set the necessary settings on microcontrollers. Basically they are connected in the same way as a button, and they have two states - HIGH and LOW. If there is no jumper, it means that the microcontroller pin is pulled to the positive side of the power supply using a built-in resistor. If the jumper is connected, then the microcontroller pin is shorted to ground.
The largest number of different settings that can be obtained in this case are equal to two to the power of N. N in this case denotes the number of pins that will be used. There is a simpler way so that you can increase the number of possible actions without applying any additional pins.
The jumper will now have three states: HIGH, when it connects the microcontroller pin to the power supply positive, the second state, LOW, when it closes the microcontroller pin to ground, and the third state, OPEN, when the jumper is completely turned off. The number of combinations will increase to three to the power of N.
The pin of the AVR microcontroller, which operates in input mode, is pulled up using a built-in resistor, and may be in a high-impedance state.
If the jumpers are in the LOW and HIGH states, then we will get unambiguous results, but if it is in the OPEN position, the voltage level at the microcontroller output can be different, any logical.
What to do in this case? “Plant” the μ output to ground through a resistor.
The following information will help you set the appropriate cable selection options for your hard drive or optical drive. Each hard drive setting is used by the computer's BIOS to tell the system where the hard drive is located and its priority relative to other drives. Most hard drives and computers manufactured after 2002 may not need to change hard drive jumper settings. In particular, this includes SATA drives.
Use this document to check your hard drive jumper settings or physical settings.
Note.This document contains a procedure that is technical. The person performing the procedure must have significant experience with computer hardware and software.
Warning.You can cut yourself on the edges of metal panels. Be careful not to injure yourself on the metal edges of the computer.
Attention!This product contains components that may be damaged by electrostatic discharge. To reduce the risk of equipment failure due to electrostatic discharge, work on uncarpeted surfaces, on antistatic surfaces (such as conductive foam pads), and wear an antistatic wrist strap connected to a ground.
Jumper, IDE and Ribbon Cable Locations
Jumpers for hard drives and CD/DVD drives are located on the rear of the drive. The jumper is a small metal slider covered with a rectangular plastic element. Hard drive jumpers are designed to move and connect 2 metal pins to allow electricity to flow between them.
Before using a jumper, you need to know the hard drive setting for each pair of pins.
The pin information can be read directly on the hard drive label, the PCA board underneath the pins, or on the plastic/metal label next to the pins. Some drives use the default setting if there is no jumper. Hard disk parameters can be as follows (this list is not complete):
MS, MA, DS, 0, or M = Main or Device 0. The drive is the first device to be used on the cable/channel (connected to the end connector on the IDE cable).
SL, PK, 1, or S = Secondary or Device 1. The drive is a secondary device for use on a cable/channel (connected to the middle connector of the IDE cable).
CS, CSEL = Cable selection. The drive can be automatically configured by the appropriate system.
If you can't find the hard drive setting names for your contacts, check the drive manufacturer's information—either on their support website or in any available manuals provided with your purchase.
The contacts are usually located at the rear of the drive near the flat cable connector. To configure, the disk must have three or four pairs of contacts.
You also need to know the location and type of each available channel connector on the motherboard. Drives use two main types of connectors:
IDE and SATA. The IDE flat cable connects to the primary or secondary IDE connector on the motherboard. Each IDE cable supports up to two IDE-compatible hard drives.
The SATA cable connects to the SATA connector. Each cable supports one drive. Typically, no jumper adjustment is required.
Finally, the type of cable used can also affect the drive configuration.
For SATA drives, all you need to do is connect the SATA cable to the connector on the motherboard and the drive.
However, for IDE drives, use a flat IDE cable (standard 40-wire or 80-wire Ultra-IDE, or EIDE). A flat cable connects the hard drive or CD/DVD drive to the motherboard. You can connect up to two devices to the same flat cable as long as the cable has three connectors (one connects to the motherboard and the other two connect to the drives).
Now that your hard drive setup, channel connectors, and cable types are clear, you can check your drive jumper settings.
Jumper settings for 1 HDD and 1 CD/DVD drive
Note.
Set the HDD jumper to CS or One. Connect the drive using the main connector on the main IDE cable.
Set the CD/DVD drive jumper to CS. Connect the drive using the primary connector on the secondary IDE cable.
Jumper settings for 2 hard drives and 1 CD/DVD drive
Note.
Set the first hard drive's jumper to Primary (Cable Select can also be used, but the second device will need to be set to Cable Select as well). Connect the drive using the primary connector on the main IDE cable.
Set the CD/DVD drive jumper as Cable Select. Connect the drive using the primary connector on the secondary IDE cable.
Jumper settings for 1 HDD and 2 CD/DVD drives
Note.If you are using one Western Digital hard drive on one cable, you may need to set the option to Single. For more information, see your hard drive documentation.
Note.If Primary (MA) is selected on the first device, then the second device on the same cable must be set as Sub (SL). If Cable Select (CS) is used on the first device, then the second device on that cable must also be set as CS.
Set the HDD jumper to Cable Select or Single. Connect the drive using the primary connector on the main IDE cable.
Set the second CD/DVD drive jumper to Auxiliary (use Cable Select if this setting was set for the first CD/DVD drive). Connect the drive using the Auxiliary connector on the secondary IDE cable.
Jumper settings for 2 HDDs and 2 CD/DVD drives
Note.If Primary (MA) is selected on the first device, then the second device on the same cable must be set as Sub (SL). If Cable Select (CS) is used on the first device, then the second device on that cable must also be set as CS.
Set the first hard drive's jumper to Primary (Cable Select can also be used, but the second hard drive will need to be set to Cable Select as well). Connect the drive using the primary connector on the main IDE cable.
Set the jumper of the second hard drive to Secondary (use Cable Select if this setting was set for the first drive). Connect the drive using the auxiliary connector on the main IDE cable.
Set the CD/DVD drive jumper to Primary (Cable Select can also be used, but the second CD/DVD drive will need to be set to Cable Select as well). Connect the drive using the primary connector on the secondary IDE cable.
Set the second CD/DVD drive's jumper to Auxiliary (use Cable Select if this setting was set for the first CD/DVD drive). Connect the drive using the Auxiliary connector on the secondary IDE cable.
Hello dear readers. Today I will touch on an error in which the message appears at the beginning of windows loading
This error is due to an incorrect hard drive connection. Therefore, based on this, I will tell you how to properly connect a SATA/IDE hard drive.
Correct connection of the hard drive.
The most common interfaces of modern hard drives are SATA, and for a slightly outdated interface IDE. SATA is more productive than IDE.
This is what IDE connectors look like...
Each IDE controller can connect two devices. This can be an HDD and a CD/DVD drive, or two HDDs, or two CD/DVD drives. Typically, controllers are designated as IDE0 and IDE1.
When connecting two drives, you need to assign priorities to them. In other words, you need to indicate to the system the main disk - master and the slave disk - slave. ( sometimes they are designated as device 0 - master and device 1 - slave). How are these priorities assigned? Using a jumper, jumper (in English jumper).
On the sticker of the HDD drive, as a rule, manufacturers indicate how to set the jumper so that the drive becomes the master or slave.
Devices are connected to these connectors via an IDE cable. The cables come in 40-pin and 80-pin. According to the connection mode, the cables are also Y-shaped. They operate in cable select mode. Such cables have three connectors - two at the end of the cable ( first master, second slave) and one in the middle. The central connector is connected to the system board, and the outer connectors are connected to devices.
Moreover, the outermost connectors automatically assign master priority to one device and slave to the other.
The operating system is installed on the main drive. If the disk on which the OS is installed is connected to the slave connector, the OS will not load.
SATA interface
SATA connectors on the motherboard look like this.
Devices are connected to the SATA connector using a cord with plugs. The plugs have special “keys”, guides in the shape of the letter “L” that prevent them from being connected incorrectly. Unlike IDE, you can connect only one device to one SATA connector. The connectors are designated as SATA0 - the first, SATA1 - the second, SATA2 - the third, etc. This is how SATA distributes priorities between hard drives. In the BIOS, each connector can be manually assigned a priority. To do this, go to the Boot Sequence or Boot Device Priority section. This may be needed in cases where the automatic priority is not set correctly.
Now let's move on to solving the error problem no idea master h.d.d. detected press f1 to resume.
Error: no ide master h.d.d detected: press f1 to resume
This error appears when the connection is incorrect HDD. This error indicates that the system does not have a HDD connected to the master connector. This means that the HDD operates in SLAVE mode, i.e. connected to the SLAVE connector. It is necessary that at least one HDD operates in master- main. This problem can be solved by simply switching the HDD to an adjacent SATA connector, or if you have an ATA cable, simply moving the jumper to the master. That's all I guess.
Jumpers on hard drives (jumpers) show the computer which of the two devices on the “channel” (controller) is the master (“Master”). And, which is the second one - the slave, obeys (“Slave”). Or rather, with their help the purpose of the disks is established: the one on which the operating system is located is “Master”, and the additional disk is “Slave”.
That is, for the system to boot and function correctly, the disks must first be configured. This can be done using a jumper. If you want to install the operating system on a new disk, move the jumper to the “Master” position. Then, on the existing “old” disk, the jumper should be in the “Slave” position. If the installed disk acts as the main one, the jumper on the new hard disk should be set to “Slave”.
Thanks to the jumper, the system “realizes” which drive the request is coming from.
Such jumpers are required mainly for hard drives that support IDE mode.
Physically, a jumper is a small slider made of metal and covered with plastic. In the picture above, the jumper is shown in the red rectangle.
It connects two metal contacts.
Allows the passage of electricity between them.
The necessary information about the contacts is usually presented directly on the surface of the hard drive. The picture above shows the sticker on the disc. It describes possible actions with the jumper - “Options jumper block”.
According to the text, if a pair of drives is present, position No. 1 (Master of Single drive) is a jumper on the leftmost contacts - the master device.
In the next position “Drive is Slave” – the disk with two devices connected is the slave.
Position No. 3 - “Master connection mode with a device without identification”, everything is clear.
Position No. 4 – the operation of the device is determined by a special cable.
In the fifth case, the existing system recognizes only the volume of a given disk.
In practice, the first couple of options are interesting.
SATA drives also have jumpers, or places where to install them. But, there is no need to define “Master” (“Slave”). It is enough to connect the HDD with the motherboard and power supply with cables. The need for a jumper may occur extremely rarely.
For SATA-II, the jumper is located in the closed state; in this position, the operating speed of the device is reduced to SATA150. Instead of possible SATA300. Used when there is a need for backward compatibility with some SATA controllers (for example, those built into VIA chipsets). Such a limitation does not really have any effect on the operation of the device. The user does not notice them.
Now you know why jumpers are needed on a hard drive.
