Types of tanks for storing petroleum products. Tanks for storing oil and petroleum products: classification, types, sizes Tanks for storing oil and petroleum products

Oil and light oil products at refineries are stored in metal tanks and tanks, and dark oil products are stored in metal and reinforced concrete tanks. In some cases, in the presence of favorable geological structures, the storage of raw materials and products can and should be carried out in mine workings, washed out domes of rock salt, compaction of plastic rocks by explosion, mine and ice-soil excavations. According to the location and layout, tanks (storages) can be:

above ground, when the bottom of the tank or the floor of the storage facility is at the same level or higher than the lowest level of the adjacent territory, as well as when the tank is buried less than half the height;

semi-underground, when the tank or storage facility is buried to at least half its height, and the highest level of liquid in the tank or spilled liquid is no more than 2 m above the lowest level of the adjacent territory;

underground, when the highest level of oil product in the reservoir is at least 0.2 m below the lowest planning level of the adjacent territory.

By design they are distinguished:

1) steel tanks with a volume of up to 100 m 3 and tanks with a volume of more than 100 m 3 - vertical and horizontal cylindrical, with conical bottoms, with flat and spherical roofs, with floating roofs and pontoons, teardrop-shaped and spherical;

2) reinforced concrete tanks - vertical and horizontal cylindrical, rectangular and trench.

Metal tanks can be classified according to the method of their manufacture and assembly. Typically, the sheet assembly method and the roll method are used. The rolling method is that metal structures factories use special stands to produce not individual sheets, but whole bodies and bottoms in the form of panels, which are rolled into rolls and transported to the construction site, where they are unrolled and welded. Obviously, this installation method has a number of advantages compared to the sheet-by-sheet assembly method, but requires special equipment for installation.

Reservoirs also differ in design pressure. Tanks intended for storing dark petroleum products are designed for a pressure of 200 Pa (20 mm water column). Storage of light petroleum products should be carried out in tanks with a pressure of up to 2 kPa (200 mm water column), liquefied gases and individual hydrocarbons (propane, butane) - in spherical or cylindrical tanks with high pressure (0.2 MPa or more).

Reservoirs can be designed for intermediate and commodity storage of raw materials and products, sedimentation of water and sedimentation of mechanical impurities, mixing of petroleum products, and storage of reagents.

All tanks are designed to store products with a density of no more than 900 kg/m3. Products with a density of more than 900 kg/m 3 are stored in special tanks.

In the USSR, the manufacture of containers and reservoirs is carried out according to standard designs. The leading organization for the development of projects for vertical cylindrical steel tanks is TsNIIProektstalkonstruktsiya.

Reinforced concrete tanks, despite their apparent advantages (lower specific consumption of steel, lower losses of light fractions from small respirations), have significant disadvantages. Their use is associated with the construction of underground pumping stations, laying pipelines in canals or constructing wells in places where valves are installed. In buried structures, favorable conditions are created for the accumulation of gases, which leads to an increased fire hazard. Concrete porosity, uneven settlement of panels, and temperature fluctuations in products lead to the formation of cracks and leaks. Therefore, at all newly constructed plants, storage of raw materials and resulting products is provided, as a rule, in above-ground metal tanks.

Storage of light fractions of gasoline (low temperature - 62°C), liquefied hydrocarbon gases, individual hydrocarbons (propane and butane) is carried out in containers under high pressure. These containers are manufactured according to the standard of VNIINeftemash ON 26-02-151--69 and individual projects of TsNIIProektstalkoistuktsiya.

Typical steel vertical tanks with a volume of 100--30000 m 3 with a panel roof (including tanks with a pontoon)

Tank equipment

For safe and convenient operation, the tanks are equipped with additional equipment, the choice of which depends on the type of product being stored and storage conditions. Tank equipment is used for filling and emptying tanks, measuring the level of oil products, aerating, cleaning, sampling, discharging produced water, maintaining a certain pressure in tanks, and foam extinguishing.

Depending on the properties of the stored liquids, tank equipment is divided into two groups:

for tanks that store light petroleum products and are designed for a pressure of 2 kPa (200 mm water column);

for tanks that store dark petroleum products and are designed for a pressure of 200 Pa (20 mm water column).

Receiving and distributing devices include receiving and distributing pipes (RDP), firecrackers or articulated lifting pipes.

Outside the tank, receiving or dispensing pipelines are connected to the PRP. A firecracker or an articulated lifting pipe is installed inside the tank on the |PRP. The latter is used when the product arrives with a large amount of mechanical impurities or some stratification of the product is observed and there is a need to pump out liquid from a certain level. As a rule, tanks are equipped with two pipes: a receiving pipe, through which the product enters the tank, and a dispensing pipe, through which the product is pumped out of the tank. The pipes are located in the lower zone of the tank.

The firecracker prevents the leakage of petroleum products from the tank in the event of malfunctions in the receiving and distributing pipeline or valves. Typically, the cracker is equipped with a control mechanism that allows it to be lifted by applying forced force. It is possible to install a firecracker on the discharge pipe without control, since the jet of oil product by pressure force lifts the firecracker cover and no external influence is required.

The distribution pipeline provides for control of the firecracker, which consists of a drum, a cable and a steering wheel (instead of a steering wheel for PRP-400, 500 and 600, an electric drive and a bypass device are used).

The bypass device is designed to facilitate the opening of the firecracker. It equalizes the pressure of the oil product - above and below the firecracker due to its bypass from the tank to the inlet-dispenser pipe.

The skylight is used to ventilate the tank before cleaning or repair, and to lift the firecracker or hinged pipe if the operating cable breaks. The hatch is located on the roof of the tank, above the inlet and outlet pipes. For a panel roof, an LSCH-200 hatch (GOST 3590--68) with a diameter of 500 mm and a weight of 41 kg is used, for a spherical roof - an LS-380 with a diameter of 500 mm and a weight of 50.5 kg.

Manholes are designed for service personnel to enter the tank during its repair and cleaning, lighting and ventilation of the tank. The manhole of the first (lower) belt of the tank is installed diametrically opposite to the skylight. The diameters of the manholes of the first and second belts are 500 mm (drawing 7-02-321). The mass of the manhole of the first belt is 1.02 kg, the manhole of the second belt is 114 kg.

The measuring hatch is designed to measure the product level in the tank and take samples in the event of a malfunction of the remote level indicator (RLI) and the reduced sampler (RPS). The gauging hatch is installed on a special pipe welded to the roof of the tank, not far from the tank wall. The L3-1.00 hatch has a diameter of 100 mm and a weight of 4.5 kg, the LZ-150 hatch has a diameter of 150 mm and a weight of 6.5 kg (GOST 16133-70).

The remote level indicator is used to remotely measure the product level in the tank. Depending on the level of the product in the tank, the float moves, which is connected to a perforated tape. The tape is meshed with a measuring pulley. The movement of the pulley is transmitted to a counter, the readings of which correspond to the level of the product in the tank. Various modifications of UDU have been developed: for vertical ground tanks - UDU-5M, for tanks with a floating roof - UDU-5B, for buried tanks - UDU-5A, for high-pressure tanks - UDU-5D.

The sampler allows you to take a sample corresponding to the average composition of the oil product in the tank (sampling is carried out from zones of different heights).

The PSR-4 sampler consists of two valve sections, an end pipe with one valve connected to each other by flanges, an air pipe, an upper hatch and a control panel for sampling and draining the sample. Sampling is carried out as follows. A hand pump creates excess pressure in the air pipe, opens normally closed valves, and the product enters the sampling column. After filling the column, the pressure in the system is reduced to zero using the release valve, which causes the sampling valves to close. By pressing a special handle, a sample is taken into a special sampling chamber.

Weight of samplers (TU 25-02-494--71): PSR-4 -- 62 kg PSR-7 (for tanks with pontoons) -- 70 kg.

The ventilation pipe serves to communicate the gas space of the tank, filled with dark petroleum products and oils, with the atmosphere. Such a pipe is installed at the top point of the tank roof. The cross-section of the pipe is covered with a copper mesh, which prevents sparks from entering the tank. The top of the pipe is closed with a removable cap. With the cap removed, the mesh is inspected and cleaned.

The choice of ventilation pipe depends on the maximum performance of the pumps that supply and pump out products into the tank. The capacity range and type of vent pipe accepted are given in the standard tank design.

The tanks are equipped with standard ventilation pipes (GOST 3689--70), the characteristics of which are given below:

	Diameter, mm	Weight, kg

The flame arrester is designed to prevent flame from entering the tank space. It is installed together with breathing and safety valves.

Inside the body of a standard fire fuse there are cassettes, which consist of corrugated and flat strips of aluminum foil twisted into a spiral, forming several parallel channels.

The principle of operation of a fire fuse is that the flame entering it passes through many channels and, as a result, is divided into small streams; the surface of contact of the flame with the fuse increases, the heat transfer to the walls of the channels increases, and the flame extinguishes. Flame arresters have low hydraulic resistance and are quite resistant to icing. The characteristics of fire fuses are given below:

	Diameter, mm	Weight, kg

Breather valves are designed to reduce losses of petroleum products from evaporation and protect the tank from destruction under high Pressure or vacuum. They are mounted on the roof of the tank at the metering platform when flammable petroleum products are stored in it*.

Guaranteed protection of the tank is achieved by installing a backup safety valve, which begins to work after the pressure in the tank increases or a vacuum is formed above the permissible level by 5-10%,

The valve is attached with a flange to the fire safety device installed on the tank fitting. The valve body is welded aluminum. Inside the valve, a removable vacuum plate and a pressure plate are located on the same axis, which rest on aluminum seats. A hinged cover is placed over the valves to allow inspection, cleaning and testing. The vertical movement of the discs is ensured by a guide and guide rods (four for each valve). The valve communicates with the atmosphere through a mesh.

In oil fields, centrifugal and piston pumps are mainly used to pump oil and oil emulsions, and less often gear, rotary or screw pumps are used.

Centrifugal pumps. For pumping oil: centrifugal pumps are most widely used, which have the following advantages over piston pumps: small dimensions; relatively low cost; absence of valves and parts with reciprocating movement; possibility of direct connection to high-speed motors; smooth change in pump flow with a change in the hydraulic resistance of the pipe; the ability to start the pump with the valve on the discharge line closed without the threat of rupture of the valve or pipeline; possibility of pumping oils containing mechanical impurities; ease of automation of pumping stations equipped with centrifugal pumps.

The disadvantages of centrifugal pumps include low efficiency when pumping high-viscosity oils or oil emulsions; relatively limited pressures created by one wheel (within 40-50 m of water column).

In centrifugal pumps, fluid movement occurs under the action of centrifugal forces that arise when the fluid rotates by the blades of the impeller. The impeller 1 with blades 2, mounted on a shaft 3, rotates inside the housing 4. The liquid entering the center of the wheel through the suction pipe 5 rotates with the wheel, is thrown back by centrifugal force to the periphery and exits through the discharge pipe 6. Transformation of the communicated liquid, kinetic energy into potential, i.e., an increase in fluid pressure or pump pressure, occurs in the gradually expanding part of the pump housing, spirally enveloping the impeller. Typically, the transition from the impeller to the spiral cavity is carried out through an expanding annular channel, sometimes equipped with fixed blades, which is called a diffuser.

Centrifugal pumps are divided into two main groups: single-wheel (single-stage) and multi-wheel (multistage). In multi-stage pumps, each previous stage works to receive the next one and due to this, the total pressure of the pump increases.

The main technological characteristics of a centrifugal pump are: developed pressure; productivity (feed); power on the pump shaft and its efficiency; speed and permissible suction height.

The total pump head is determined in meters of the pumped liquid column and is calculated using the following formula:

N = N st + N p

N st - static pressure, defined as the difference in elevation from the liquid level in the receiving container to the highest point in the filled container;

N p - the sum of pressure losses due to friction and local resistance in the discharge and suction pipelines.

Pump capacity Q is the amount of liquid supplied by the pump per unit time. Productivity is measured in liters per second (l/s) or cubic meters per hour (m 3 /h).

To ensure normal pumping of oil through a pipeline, the pump must be selected in such a way that its rated values ​​of Q and H slightly exceed the calculated values ​​of these parameters.

The power on the pump shaft N (i.e. the power transmitted by the motor to the pump with a direct connection) is calculated by the formula (in kW)

where Q is pump performance, m 3 / h;

p—density of the pumped liquid, kg/m3;

H is the pump pressure in meters of the supplied liquid column;

n -- pump efficiency (usually n = 0.6--0.9).

In the oil industry, the following types of centrifugal pumps are mainly used: single-stage cantilever pumps, single-stage with a double-entry wheel, multi-stage sectional type MS and multi-stage oil pumps type ND. If, when selecting pumps, one is not enough to provide the required performance or create the required pressure, parallel or series connection of pumps is used. The parallel operation of several centrifugal pumps pumping oil into one pipeline is very often practiced. The pump piping is done using flanged connections, allowing it to be quickly disassembled if necessary. Valves are installed in front of the suction and discharge pipes. A check valve is installed on the discharge pipeline. If the liquid intake is located below the pump axis, then to retain the liquid in the suction pipeline after the pump stops, it is also necessary to install a check valve at the end of the pipeline. In addition, the suction pipeline has a mesh filter that prevents lumps of paraffin and foreign objects from entering the pump cavity.

A check valve can also be installed on the discharge line, which ensures automatic operation of the pump. In the absence of a check valve, starting and stopping the centrifugal pump can only be done manually with constant operator supervision of the pumping process, since, for example, in the event of an emergency shutdown of the electric motor, liquid from the pressure manifold will freely flow through the pump back into the container from which pumping was carried out.

Tanks for storing oil and petroleum products

Tanks for storing oil and petroleum products are one of the most popular types of equipment in their segment. These containers are used not only at oil producing and oil refining enterprises, but also in the fuel sector, as well as wherever hydrocarbon mixtures, fuel oil, and oils are stored. Steel tanks for petroleum products can be used for both raw materials and finished products. Above-ground and underground versions of this equipment are possible.

This type of equipment can also be used in the chemical industry. In particular, for storing by-products and intermediate products in the production of plastics and other materials produced on the basis of natural hydrocarbons.

The technical characteristics and structure of metal tanks for petroleum products are always determined by the characteristics of use, the climatic conditions in which the device will be installed and, of course, the requirements of the customer. In this case, it also matters more what exactly will be stored in this tank, since a number of technical characteristics of the device, in particular the material design, may also depend on this. To store explosive substances, it is possible to build a tank for petroleum products in a double-walled version.

At the customer's request, it is possible to manufacture both horizontal and vertical devices, as well as for underground and above-ground installation.

The PZEM plant is engaged in the production and sale of containers and reservoirs for all types of petroleum products. It is possible to design according to specific customer requirements, as well as manufacture equipment according to pre-prepared drawings.

We offer to buy capacitive equipment made in Russia at affordable prices. We guarantee the high quality and reliability of our products. In addition, when placing an order through our website, you make a deal directly with the manufacturer, which means you save on cost.

The full catalog of PZEM products is available here on our company website. You can get a price list for our products, find out how much the petroleum product tank you are interested in costs, and place an order by calling the numbers listed on the website or through one of the quick online contact forms.

We produce steel tanks for storing oil and petroleum products. To order this type of product, please contact our sales department.

The price of the equipment is indicated for the basic product. If you want to calculate the cost of your order, please contact us by phone numbers listed on the website.

The evolution of storage for crude oil and petroleum products has come a long way from earthen pits to soft tanks. The choice of storage containers is based on the location, purpose and volume of the warehouse. Thus, for crude oil, above-ground vertical tanks are used at production sites, while at gas stations within the city limits, horizontal, buried metal gas tanks are used. Reinforced concrete structures are used for fuel oil.

In addition to standard ones, there are special oil storage systems. These include hydrocarbon production and feeder lines, tanks with an internal pontoon for petroleum products with high pressure of saturated gases, soft oil tanks for the deployment of field and stationary warehouses.

Features of oil tanks

Modern petroleum product storage facilities are divided into transshipment, distribution and combined. They represent a group of tanks and a logistics platform - access roads, transport, equipment for pumping oil.

The types of containers used are classified according to different criteria:

• at the place of installation/location;
• by tank volume - the characteristic is important, including for determining the hazard class of the tank;
• on the constructive solution of basic and additional elements;
• according to the material of the main container.

These are the key aggregated classification characteristics by which containers are divided into types. In each case, tanks are selected taking into account the installation location, the presence of an intermediate pumping stage, the need to process petroleum products, their composition, the hazard class of the facility where they are used, and so on.

Types of tanks by volume and location

Based on the method of placing containers, the following types of tanks for storing petroleum products are distinguished:

• aboveground - vertical or horizontal, as well as oil tanks located entirely on the surface of the earth;
• with semi-underground placement - with a depth from one third to the entire volume of the container, while its neck is located above the zero mark;
• underground - single- or double-walled horizontal tanks for oil products with reinforced stiffening ribs that can be buried in the ground at a distance of over a meter (from the top point of the tank to the zero mark);
• underwater - used for storing oil in offshore production areas, localized under water, most use water-cushion storage technology.

Separately, “natural” frames are considered - excavations and natural voids in the rock, ice-soil storage facilities, mines, and so on. They can be placed in an independent category and not included in the basic classification.

The second type of dividing containers is by useful volume:

Small tanks include tanks up to 50 cubic meters. They can be manufactured directly at oil refining complexes, supplemented with the necessary components during subsequent installation.

Large containers include containers up to 100,000 cubic meters, which are produced at specialized enterprises and transported to assembly sites in sets.

The volume and placement of tanks are also taken into account when classifying them into classes:

• The first includes tanks whose size reaches 10,000 cubic meters. The category also includes containers up to 5000 cubic meters. m, provided that they are located within the city or on the banks of a large river or reservoir.
• The second class includes tanks for petroleum products measuring 5,000-10,000 cubic meters. m.
• By the third - up to 5000 cubic meters.

Classification by design features

Metal tanks have key structural elements - a body in which petroleum products are stored, a lid, and a base. Fences, stairs and auxiliary structures are added to them. Stabilization for protection against excess pressure is provided by stiffening ribs.

Additional equipment includes:

• breathing valves - to stabilize pressure drops when filling and emptying tanks, due to daily temperature changes, and so on;
• safety elements - access hatches, content level meters, temperature sensors, lightning protection;
• heaters - if contents of high viscosity are stored in the container;

Roofs are divided by type into floating and stationary, including those with a pontoon, the choice is determined by the storage conditions of the contents, its type, the conditions of the climatic zone, and the location of the containers. The volume of the tank is also taken into account : for sizes up to 5000 cu.m. m, it is usually equipped with conical structures on supports, from 5,000 to 30,000 cubic meters. - spherical, stationary, supported on the body. Floating lids are used for petroleum products with high vapor pressure. Pontoons with sealed seals prevent loss of contents due to evaporation.

Oil storage tank bodies can be:

• cylindrical - a type with low metal consumption, virtually no restrictions on capacity, easy to manufacture, install and maintain;
• spherical - structures made of welded/folded sheets up to 30 mm, due to their specific round shape they are installed on rings (usually made of reinforced concrete);
• drop-shaped - frameless containers for petroleum products, which are made from soft materials and assembled from “petal” elements.

Classification by body material

The key characteristic of petroleum product tanks is the material. It determines the design principle of manufacturing the case - frame or frameless. The first type includes:

• reinforced concrete tanks - reliable, resistant to destruction, but difficult to transport and very heavy, they are suitable for fuel oil, bitumen and similar mixtures;
• metal tanks made of alloys that are little susceptible to the effects of petroleum compounds;
• containers made of non-metallic materials - plastic, fiberglass.

The outside of oil storage tanks is covered with dielectrics, which protect the body from acid-base damage upon contact with soils and waters in them. Structural materials must be corrosion- and chemically resistant, impermeable, ductile and not subject to deformation. The requirements are met by sheet steel - carbon and low alloy. To store formulations with a large proportion of gasoline fractions, reinforced concrete containers reinforced with a stable coating are chosen.

Frameless options include containers made of rubberized fabric and advanced polymers. They are flexible, lightweight, easy and quick to install and do not require a foundation. This is the optimal way to organize temporary non-capital storage facilities and a promising type of oil storage tanks.

Soft polymer tanks - a progressive way to store oil

The most progressive are frameless soft tanks made of polymer materials. They demonstrate improved chemical and corrosion resistance, are compactly stored when empty (they are folded) and can be quickly deployed. The key criterion for their selection is inertness to oil and its products.

Previously used PVC mixtures are not affected by water, but their resistance to the immediate contents is limited. Polyurethane, which was also used to make containers, is not inert to water.

The problem is solved by the use of advanced patented materials - such as "EnviroPro", developed for the Neftetank company. The polymer, which is produced exclusively for the customer by the largest European concern "LOW&BONAR", is completely inert to water and resistant to petroleum products. Capacities 1-500 cubic meters. m are produced under special conditions and allow solving the issue of storing petroleum and agricultural products.

Advantages of oil tanks:

• warehouse deployment within 5-7 days;
• no release of vapors into the atmosphere;
• are not subject to corrosion, there is no risk of leakage;
• equipped with berms with oil traps to protect against contaminated storm water entering the ground;
• no need for land reclamation after dismantling the petroleum products warehouse;
• simple coordination with supervisory authorities when locating warehouses in protected areas, because no major construction required.

The delivery set includes fuel pumping equipment with accurate metering systems. The piping of the containers within the warehouse is made with flexible hoses, inert to the pumped medium and temperature differences. Condensation does not form inside the containers, which prevents the appearance of produced water in the product. Oil tanks are protected from evaporation, spoilage, and product leaks and are promising equipment for field and temporary storage of oil, its products and fuels and lubricants.

The Kaskad-metal tank plant has been producing tanks for oil and petroleum products for more than 13 years, and during this time it has produced more than 500 tanks for storing oil, light and dark petroleum products.

From a geometric point of view, oil storage tanks can be made in two versions:

• RGS (horizontal steel tanks). For storing petroleum products, RGS are convenient from the point of view of operation. Such tanks can often be seen at oil production and refinery plants around the world.
• RVS (vertical tanks for storing petroleum products). Such containers are no less popular than RGS. Often, it is from vertical tanks that the so-called tank farms are formed, which can be found at refineries producing petroleum products.

In addition, oil tanks can be single-walled or double-walled.

Manufacturing of tanks for petroleum products it is possible both from low-carbon steel 09G2S and from steel 3, depending on the climatic zone of operation of the product. Another key typological parameter of oil tanks takes into account their location:

• Underground tanks for storing petroleum products. Such tanks are most often found at gas stations; they are convenient because they are located below ground level, which allows for more efficient use of available space.
• Above ground tanks. Such containers are more often used at mining and processing plants; they are convenient from the point of view of operation, in particular, they are quite easy to repair.

Cylindrical steel tanks for storing petroleum products They are complex and critical engineering structures, in the production of which it is important to adhere to and control the manufacturing technology. Production control at our enterprise is carried out by the Quality Control Department, carrying out operational control in accordance with the developed technological maps. All tanks are subject to mandatory hydrotesting to control tightness and welds, which guarantees the quality and reliability of the products.

Oil tanks from Kaskad-metal LLC

Today, the production capacity of our company allows us to produce roll tanks for oil and petroleum products with a volume of 100 m3 to 2000 m3. It is possible to design and manufacture single-walled and double-walled enclosures. We produce containers of vertical and horizontal types; at the customer’s request, they can be supplemented with steam-water heaters and thermal insulation protection.

A distinctive feature of Kaskad-metal LLC is the complexity of the services we provide. Our specialists can use standard designs or individual drawings. We always help the customer choose the most optimal type of structure that meets specific requirements. In addition, we not only design and manufacture oil tanks, our specialists can always go to the site, deliver and install equipment, or carry out installation supervision. Each tank comes standard with a ladder and an equipped platform for maintenance.

The main advantages of working with Kaskad-metal LLC include the following:

• We guarantee an impeccable level of quality for our products. We always work for results.
• The optimal ratio of quality, price and speed of production of tanks for petroleum products is achieved through streamlined technological operations and extensive experience.
• An individual approach to the implementation of each order is determined by the specifics of production, without this our work is simply impossible.

Our tanks for storing petroleum products meet all the requirements of GOST, the products have a Certificate of Conformity, the welding technology is certified according to NAKS, and the installation work is approved by the SRO.

Typology of containers by type of stored product

Universal fuel tanks

They are used where it is expected to work with several types of fuel in conditions where it is not possible to purchase a separate tank for each of them. The best option in this situation is a unified fuel container, which has several independent, completely autonomous compartments inside.

Tanks for storing petroleum products

Such tanks can be manufactured in various configurations, for example, they can have one or two walls, and the lid can be floating or stationary. They are necessarily equipped with functional hatches and necks, as well as pipes, and places for mounting valves and other equipment are provided.

Diesel fuel tanks

Due to the aggressive parameters of the stored fuel, the inner wall of the tank is equipped with a zinc coating that protects the container from corrosion. We manufacture diesel fuel tanks that can be used freely in any region and climate zone, as they are designed for an operating temperature range from -50 to 50 degrees Celsius.

Tanks for fuels and lubricants

They have a horizontal arrangement and are installed on supports welded to the bottom. They are made of steel and coated with anticorrosive agents (bitumen mastic, primer, BT577). The inside is covered with zinc metallization. Since underground placement is possible, the tank can be waterproofed, and there is also the possibility of skinning. All welded seams are pressure tested.

All types of tanks, including tanks for storing gasoline, oils and other petroleum-based products are made from high quality materials certified in accordance with the relevant GOST requirements.

Plastic containers for petroleum products in developed European countries began to be used in the early 70s; in our country they began to be used only in the late 90s; previously only metal tanks for storing petroleum products were used. Thanks to their unique physical and chemical properties, polymer containers quickly conquered the market and became in demand by many consumers. Our company produces various types of tanks with a volume of up to 70 m 3, the wall thickness, depending on the design features, can reach 20 mm, the material is polypropylene.

Physical and chemical characteristics of polypropylene

The material meets the requirements of GOST 26996-86, depending on the specific brand, it has the following characteristics:

To improve performance, various additives are added to materials; depending on the specific use of the product, the recipe number and type of additive change. A modified tank for storing fuel materials may have increased resistance to hard ultraviolet rays (for above-ground installation) or be used only in an underground version. To increase the strength of the structure, additional stiffening ribs are provided. Polypropylene is resistant to diesel fuel, but storing gasoline and fuel oil in containers is not recommended.

Polypropylene is made by polymerizing propylene with the presence of metal complex catalysts. According to the types of molecular structures it can be isotactic, syndiotactic and atactic. Density within 0.91 g/cm 3 , maximum compressive stress up to 400 kgf/cm 2 , relative elongation at tensile force 200–800%, flexural modulus of elasticity up to 11900 kgf, impact strength up to 80 kgf×cm/cm 2, hardness up to 6.5 kgf/mm 2.

Vertical tanks for storing petroleum products

They are used for receiving, storing and dispensing petroleum products and can have different heights. Installed on special foundations or concrete platforms. Thanks to the special geometry, they save production space; they can be used in groups - increasing the amount of petroleum products in one area.

Horizontal tanks for storing petroleum products

They can have significant volumes; special spacers are used to increase the strength of the walls. The low height greatly simplifies the process of filling the container. External surfaces require protection from thermal infrared and hard ultraviolet rays. Depending on the installation method, they can be above ground or underground.

Above ground tanks for storing petroleum products

They are quickly installed and dismantled, thereby significantly reducing the time it takes to put objects into operation. They require special protection from the negative influence of external factors and are made only from modified plastic. Thanks to this placement, maintenance and modernization of tanks is simplified.

Underground tanks for storing petroleum products

The safest way to store petroleum products. They have reinforced ribs to absorb soil loads. Calculated individually after geodetic studies of the area.

Technical parameters of containers

State standards establish requirements for methods of manufacturing and operating products. In accordance with the standards, tanks for storing petroleum products are classified according to:

1. Hazard class. Depends on the volume and location of the container. The degree of danger to the lives of citizens and the environment when the limit state is reached is taken into account.
2. Total service life. A minimum guaranteed period of use is established until the limiting state is reached due to natural aging. The occurrence of unforeseen emergency situations due to mechanical damage is not regulated.
3. Estimated period of use. Indicates the time of safe operation until the next scheduled technical inspection.

According to their design features, tanks for storing petroleum products can be with a fixed roof (with or without a pontoon) or with a floating roof. Floating covers or roofing significantly reduce the amount of evaporative loss. In addition, such design features reduce the likelihood of emergency situations. The type of container depends on the classification of petroleum products, saturated vapor pressure and flash point. Underground tanks have correction factors.

For saturated vapor pressures between 26.6 and 93.3 kPa, only pontoon or floating roof tanks are used. When the saturated vapor pressure is less than 26.6 kPa, containers without pontoons can be used; special valves and ventilation holes are installed to prevent emergency situations. Underground ones may have additional equipment and automatic systems to monitor the condition of liquids and physical parameters of tanks.

Advantages of plastic containers

The use of such containers allows users to:

1. Significantly reduce equipment installation time and install additional special devices as necessary.
2. Reduce losses of petroleum products during storage. Petroleum products are lost due to evaporation as a result of “breathing”, during discharge from tank trucks and leaks. Plastic tanks for storing petroleum products, unlike metal ones, in which fuel loss reaches 2%, completely eliminate losses due to loss of tightness. They are resistant to corrosion processes and, thanks to their plasticity, compensate for thermal changes in linearity and various loads. Due to such properties, the likelihood of container leakage is minimized.
3. Reduce costs for technical routine maintenance. All activities can be carried out by company employees; the involvement of specialized enterprises is not necessary.
4. Manufacturability. During installation and commissioning there is no need to use expensive mechanisms and devices. During installation, it is possible to simultaneously install the process fittings of the tanks, taking into account the layout of the petroleum products storage facility and the existing equipment.

Requirements for the quality of welds

Types, sizes and structural elements of welds meet the requirements of GOST 16310-80. Welding can be done using heated gas with a filler rod or extrusion methods. Depending on the location of the weld and wall thickness, the types of connections can be:

1. Butts. Taking into account the maximum design loads and the thickness of the material, butt welds are made one-sided or two-sided, with a bevel of one or two edges.
2. Corner. Without beveled edges, with beveled edges. Thick sheets are welded on both sides, thin sheets on one.
3. Tavrov. They can have symmetrical, one-sided or two-sided edge bevels. In particularly loaded areas they can be reinforced with special spacers.
4. Overlapping. Single-sided and double-sided, with or without beveled edges.

Seam type Double HV

Seam type HV

Tanks for storing petroleum products are welded only by specially trained company employees using the most modern equipment. The technology and modes of applying welds are developed by the company's technologists; during the work, the strength of the joints is constantly monitored.

The fillet weld leg is calculated when designing the tank; maximum deviations are regulated by this standard within the following limits:

• +1.0 mm if the leg length is less than 6 mm;
• +1.5 mm if the leg length is 6–12 mm;
• +2.0 mm if the leg length is more than 12 mm.

Reducing the leg length is prohibited. The strength of welded joints must be at least 85% of the strength of the material being welded. Tightness is checked visually or laboratory method. A certificate is issued for each container indicating the responsible persons. Personal responsibility increases employee discipline, which has a positive impact on product quality.

The tightness of double seams is controlled by a special tensiometer using excess air pressure. The pressure gauge records changes in pressure and detects leaks. If problems are detected, they are immediately eliminated, and after correcting the defects, the strength of the connections must be rechecked.

Our advantages

During the manufacture of products, the company strictly complies with existing government standards and industry regulatory requirements. Quality control is carried out at every stage of production; finished products have certificates of conformity.

We fully take into account the requirements for tanks specified by customers in the technical specifications. You can purchase containers with standard sizes and configurations from us, or make an individual request. We comply with all requirements for tanks, deadlines and high quality are guaranteed. At the same time, prices for our products are the most reasonable in the region. More detailed information can be obtained from the company’s managers; contact them, provide technical specifications and resolve any issues of interest. At the client's request, containers can be delivered by the manufacturer's vehicles.