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Choose a boiler for heating. Which boiler is better for a private home - a review of modern floor- and wall-mounted gas units. Features of single- and double-circuit boilers

When choosing a gas heating boiler for a private home, several nuances related to the installed heating system, the technical characteristics of the building, and the actual needs for heat and hot water are taken into account. A wide range of products offered by domestic and foreign manufacturers will allow you to select a boiler that is optimally suited in each specific case.

Types of gas boilers for private housing construction

Modern gas boilers for heating and hot water supply to a private home are developed taking into account the operating characteristics. The internal structure has been modified to make gas combustion as economical as possible and increase thermal efficiency.

Not every gas boiler installed in a private house will work equally efficiently and provide better heat transfer. When deciding whether to purchase a heat generator, several parameters are taken into account:

Type of heating system in a private house with a gas boiler– for classic boilers, radiator heating is suitable; some modern models will only work effectively when connected to heated floors.
Fuel type - economical gas combustion and high heat transfer - are the main criteria for choosing boiler equipment. High efficiency and thermal efficiency are especially important when operating on liquefied gas. If it is planned or, special attention is paid to the efficiency of boilers.

Manufactured boiler equipment is classified according to three operating parameters: type of placement, combustion chamber configuration, number of circuits.

By accommodation type

The selection of a gas boiler for a private home begins with choosing a unit according to the type of placement. There are wall-mounted and floor-mounted models. Each has its own characteristics and differences:

A wall-mounted boiler is usually energy-dependent. To lighten the structure and reduce the load on the load-bearing wall, designers resort to various tricks. Weight is reduced through the use of metal alloys and a bithermic heat exchanger.
In the design of a double-circuit unit, a storage tank for heating water is often built in.
Wall-mounted single-circuit gas boilers for heating a private home do not have such a modification. Models with one circuit are intended exclusively for heating, but if necessary, it is possible to connect a remote tank for heating DHW.
The advantage of wall-mounted units is space saving, the ability (for some models) to be built into a kitchen cabinet, as well as easy connection to the heating system.
Floor standing gas boiler– not limited by productivity, like mounted analogues. Available in single-circuit and double-circuit versions, with a heat exchanger made of steel and cast iron. The floor-standing design is not always convenient, especially if the boiler is installed in the kitchen, where there is not always enough space even without heating equipment.

When deciding which boiler to choose, wall-mounted or floor-mounted, they are primarily guided by the area of the heated building. It is better to heat a house over 250-300 m² with a floor-mounted heat generator that has better power characteristics. Floor-standing boilers cost less, but they take up a lot of usable space.

By type of gas combustion chamber

By design, combustion chambers distinguish three configurations of heating equipment, differing in efficiency and installation requirements:

When choosing a boiler based on the design of the combustion chamber, they take into account the dependence of the boiler on the presence of voltage in the network, the type of heating system and the fuel that they plan to use.

By number of circuits

Despite the abundance of various modifications, consumers are still offered single-circuit or double-circuit boilers, but with certain additional functions (built-in boiler, etc.). Each decision has its positive and negative sides:

A double-circuit boiler is chosen when, in addition to heating, there is a need to obtain hot water. If there is no such need, install a single-circuit heat generator.

How to choose a gas heating boiler for a private home

The choice of a gas boiler for heating a private home, in addition to the design and operating parameters, is influenced by several other factors:

Power.
Manufacturer.
Price.

It would not be amiss to find out how those who have been operating the boiler for some time feel about the chosen model of boiler equipment, and also to take into account the opinion of consultants offering heating equipment. All these factors will help you choose the optimal boiler that fully meets your needs.

How to calculate boiler power

Calculation of the power of a gas boiler for heating a private house is carried out in several ways. But, as practice shows, the most common calculation methods are:

Calculations using online calculators– initially, were developed for consultants to facilitate calculations and selection of boilers for clients. At the moment, many websites for the selection of heating equipment are available to all visitors. When selecting, you will need to enter information about the area, degree of thermal insulation, the presence of window and door openings, and much more.
Independent calculations– you can calculate the approximate power of the boiler using a simple formula: 1 kW = 10 m². Calculations will show an inaccurate value and will require power adjustments, taking into account the required reserve for the cold winter and the need for hot water supply.

Which company to choose a boiler

The best gas heating boilers for country houses are made by European manufacturers. The largest concerns are located in Germany, France, Italy and the Czech Republic. In the rating of boilers, domestic models of heating equipment occupy not the last positions.

Below is a list of the most popular models based on sales and searches. For convenience, the offered brands of boilers are distributed depending on the company and operating principle:

Bosch - which began producing boilers at a plant in Russia. Bosch Gaz atmospheric boiler and Bosch Condens condensing boiler are available.
– heating equipment from Germany. Wall-mounted Buderus Logamax, with one or two circuits, an open and closed combustion chamber, and Buderus Vitopend, with a built-in storage boiler, are available.
– . It produces the following modifications: Viessmann Vitodens, condensation type and Viessmann Vitopend, with an atmospheric combustion chamber.
– . The products are represented by the Navien DELUXE series, with a closed combustion chamber, turbocharged type, and Navien ATMO, with a classic combustion chamber.
– . Popular models are offered in the following modifications: Vaillant turboTEC - a turbocharged boiler with a closed combustion chamber, and Vaillant atmoTEC, an atmospheric type.
Baxi – enjoys special favor among Russian consumers. Four equipment configurations are offered: turbocharged Baxi ECO and Baxi LUNA, with a built-in boiler Baxi NUVOLA and with an atmospheric combustion chamber, Baxi MAIN.
BaltGaz is a Russian brand that produces dual-circuit BaltGaz Neva, turbocharged BaltGaz NevaTec and atmospheric BaltGaz Therm.
Neva Lux is a Russian manufacturer of single- and double-circuit boilers in floor-mounted and wall-mounted versions.

The most economical boilers use the principle of condensation heating of the coolant. Condensing models are produced exclusively by European companies.

Low-temperature heating mode is not suitable for heating houses located in northern latitudes. Installation of condensing boilers is advisable in mid-latitudes, in mild climates.

The cost of a boiler for a private house

For comparison, prices for double-circuit gas boilers for heating a country house, from the Russian company Neva Lux, are approximately 2 times cheaper than for a similar Viessmann and 1.2-1.5 for the Italian Baxi. But, if you consider that gas consumption in European-made heat generators is 15-20% less, all extra costs will pay off within 3-5 heating seasons.

Engineering systems of private cottages require close attention and serious maintenance costs. Obviously, heating boilers for a home need to be selected based on the specific operating conditions of the equipment and the income level of the owners.

Let's find out which design features of devices are the most significant, when the advantages of certain types of fuel outweigh their disadvantages, and how to correctly evaluate certain characteristics of specific models.

You can familiarize yourself in detail with all the characteristics of boilers and choose the one most suitable for your home on the website of the Teplodar online store - electric, gas and solid fuel boilers from the manufacturer.

Criterias of choice

There are hundreds of boilers from domestic and foreign manufacturers on the market today. It is not easy for an unprepared buyer to understand this diversity. To find a device with the optimal price-quality ratio, you need not only to thoroughly study the technical characteristics of the most popular models, but also to understand which of them are the most important for you.

Boilers for heating private houses are classified according to the type of fuel used:

solid fuel - burning wood, peat, coal, briquettes;
gas - conventional and condensing;
liquid fuel – using diesel fuel, biofuel;
electrical;
universal – involving the alternate use of two types of fuel.

The choice of the appropriate model largely depends on which energy carrier is more profitable to use in your region. However, “cheaper” is not necessarily “better”. Please note that the physical properties of the fuel used directly affect the efficiency of the equipment and the ease of use.

After choosing the type of equipment, they move on to directly studying its other characteristics. To do this, you should take into account the nuances that significantly affect the power and operation of the devices.

First you need to answer the following questions:

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each type of equipment.
What power of heating equipment is optimal for heating your home.
Where is the best place to place the boiler?
How many contours will it have?

A correctly defined set of heating equipment parameters will help to significantly narrow the search range and select the best option in all respects.

Calculation of heating boiler power

Price often becomes the determining criterion when purchasing, but the desire to save money results in additional expenses and a significant loss of time for the customer. Heating equipment has a fairly long service life, so its selection should be entrusted to a qualified specialist. Then the equipment will perform all the tasks assigned to them, and its purchase will not deplete the family budget.

To roughly calculate the required boiler power, the following rule is used: for heating 1 sq. m of building area consumes approximately 0.1 kW of thermal energy.

For example, for a cottage with an area of 160 sq. m will need heating equipment with a power of about 16 kW, i.e. you will have to choose among models with a power of 6 to 20 kW.

Other factors to consider include:

climate zone;
number of people living in the house;
architectural features of the building;
materials used in construction;
number of storeys;
ceiling height;
number of windows, doors;
the need for additional heating of poorly insulated rooms.

A more accurate calculation of the power of devices for heating and hot water supply of a building is carried out using specialized design standards. This takes into account the energy-saving properties of modern building materials and innovative characteristics of equipment. This is how the most effective engineering solution is selected, which allows you to significantly increase the performance of heating equipment.

Characteristics of heating boilers

Theoretically, we can assume which equipment will be optimal for a particular home. But before making a final decision, you should carefully study the advantages and disadvantages of the main types of heating equipment.

When is it profitable to choose solid fuel boilers?

Such equipment is usually purchased if there is no gas main near the cottage or the owners do not want to pay large electricity bills. Since solid fuel is inexpensive in many regions, the popularity of devices powered by it remains consistently high. However, you cannot put everything into a solid fuel boiler: it works correctly and economically only on “its own” energy carrier.

Advantages of solid fuel boilers:

efficiency - their efficiency is close to that of models running on gas or diesel fuel;
autonomy - can be installed in almost any room;
availability and reasonable cost of energy;
simple design that simplifies equipment maintenance and repair.

The disadvantages include:

low efficiency of devices;
high energy consumption due to its low calorific value;
the presence of a separate room or site for fuel storage;
the need to regularly add coal, firewood, logs, wood chips, and pellets to the firebox. Devices with automated energy supply are intended mainly for industrial premises, and not for private buildings.

Why gas boilers are bestsellers

These devices are widely used by homeowners because they are easy to use, economical, and convenient. There is no need to store fuel for them, the equipment operates autonomously, and natural gas tariffs in most settlements are quite acceptable. A big plus is also the variety of domestic and foreign models, which allows you to purchase the best device in terms of price and quality.

It should be noted that heating boilers can only be installed with the permission of state supervisory authorities. Before starting installation work, you will need to obtain the appropriate certificate.

The “weak points” of gas boilers are well known:

the need to install automation that controls the air composition and turns off the boiler in the event of a gas leak;
risk of damage to equipment due to pressure surges in the gas distribution network;
low efficiency when using cylinders or gas holders.

Is it advisable to purchase liquid fuel boilers?

Such equipment can be found at industrial facilities, but it is rarely installed in private housing construction. The reason is the high cost of energy resources. Nevertheless, liquid fuel boilers for domestic needs are produced by all leading manufacturers and there is a steady demand for them.

The reasons for this contradiction are explained simply: heating equipment using liquid fuel is purchased by homeowners who do not have the technical ability to use another energy source for heating their homes.

Most often in liquid fuel boilers they use:

diesel fuel (so-called diesel fuel), popular due to its availability, high heat transfer, and safety during storage;
liquid biofuel obtained by processing plant, animal raw materials or organic waste. It has not yet become widespread in Russia, but in 10-20 years, environmentalists predict a great future for it.

Waste oil, fuel oil and fuel kerosene are not recommended for use in domestic boilers. The first two are due to the significant risk of environmental pollution, the third is due to high turnover.

The advantages of liquid fuel boilers include their efficiency up to 95%, moderate cost and wide availability of energy, and automation of the work process. The disadvantages are installation in a separate room, the presence of a constant supply of fuel, and a decent cost of maintenance.

Electric heating boilers for home

Models that operate on electricity are often installed in new villages where there are no plans to install a gas pipeline in the near future. Subsequently, these devices can be replaced with gas ones, but within 5-7 years they cope with their duties perfectly.

For example, an electric boiler with a power of 5-10 kW is quite capable of maintaining a room temperature of +10 degrees Celsius, when outside the windows it reaches -20 °C. More powerful models will ensure a comfortable temperature in a two or three-story cottage even in the most severe frosts.

Other advantages of electric boilers:

modest dimensions;
energy availability;
ease of installation;
ease of maintenance;
no open flame;
low cost.

Even a layman can list the disadvantages of electric heating boilers:

high cost of energy;
the need to connect to a three-phase network;
sensitivity to voltage surges.

Are universal boilers efficient?

The undeniable advantage of heating devices that can operate on several energy sources is their convenience. Typically, universal boilers are installed in houses where there are interruptions in gas or electricity. The owners heat their homes using cheap energy, and only in its absence switch to alternative fuel.

On the heating equipment market today there are combined models that allow the use of gas and electricity, coal and diesel fuel. In many of them, to change the energy carrier, it is enough to install another burner. At the same time, the thermal power of the boiler remains almost unchanged.

Single-circuit or double-circuit boiler: which one to choose

The question of the number of heating circuits is resolved quite simply:

If you only plan to heat the room, single-circuit equipment is sufficient.
When, in addition to heating the pipes, it is necessary to provide hot water, a dual-circuit model is needed.

The operating principle of a single-circuit boiler is to burn the energy carrier in a specially designed compartment and then heat the coolant. Then it enters the heating main through the outlet and circulates in the heating pipes. At the final stage, the liquid is returned through the inlet pipeline.

A double-circuit boiler, in addition to the primary heat exchanger, is equipped with equipment for heating water and supplying it to the water supply system. The order of movement of the coolant is regulated by a three-way valve, directing it either to the heating or plumbing system. While the tap responsible for supplying hot water is closed, the house is heated. When the tap is open, only hot water is supplied. Therefore, some manufacturers equip double-circuit boilers with storage water heaters.

Perhaps choosing a heating system will seem like a difficult task to some, but if you break it down into several separate stages, it is quite possible to find the only right solution.

Residential buildings that are not equipped with a central heating system require individual independent heating. A heating boiler will cope with this task perfectly. The main thing is to choose the right heating equipment for your home so that your family nest is warm and cozy.

The main parameters of the heating boiler - power And fuel type.

Power- main parameter. Approximately, the power of a heating boiler is calculated as follows: for 10 sq. m of heated area of an insulated building with ceilings up to 3 m high, 1 kW of power is required. To finally determine the required boiler power, it is necessary, with the help of engineers and designers, to make a competent thermal calculation taking into account such factors as: the thickness and material of walls, ceilings, the number and size of windows, the presence of a fireplace, the purpose of individual rooms of the house, the presence of heated floors, etc.

Fuel type- the second most important factor of a heating boiler. The fuel on which the boiler operates is: liquid (diesel), electricity, gas (mainline or bottled) and solid fuel (coke, pellets, wood, coal, etc.).

Heating boilers are divided according to the following significant criteria:

manufacturing material - cast iron and steel;
installation method- wall and floor;
number of circuits- single-circuit and double-circuit (with built-in boiler and coil);
and energy-dependent (a heating system with forced circulation of coolant is impossible without the use of electricity);
exhaust removal method(exhaust gases) - forced draft (using a fan) and natural draft.

Types of heating boilers and their features

There are several types of heating boilers. They are distinguished by installation method and energy source.

Gas heating boilers. Today, gas boilers are the most popular type of heating boilers - they are used approximately 70% of the total number of boilers, due to low gas cost and the widespread use of gas pipelines. Gas boilers are divided into wall-mounted and floor-mounted.
Wall mounted- equipped with an expansion tank and a circulation pump, which significantly saves space in the room. In turn, wall-mounted heating boilers are divided into single-circuit and double-circuit . Dual-circuit- provide heating and have the ability to heat hot water. Due to its small size, this equipment is ideal for a private home due to its small size, ease of installation and maintenance. Single-circuit boilers operate only in the heating circuit to heat the coolant.
Floor-standing- require, in accordance with safety standards, a separate boiler room in compliance with all requirements and standards of the gas service. They operate on the basis of a steel or cast iron heat exchanger. Floor-standing heating boilers are divided into floor-standing gas boilers with inflatable and atmospheric burners. The first option is quite easy to use, cheaper in cost, boiler operation does not cause much noise. The second option has high efficiency and more expensive.

Gas boilers with inflatable burners have an important advantage - options for installing burners that run on both gas and diesel fuel.

Diesel heating boilers. Their main feature is a replaceable burner. By changing the burner, you can change the type of fuel used on this boiler. The diesel boiler has an open combustion chamber, operates on one heating circuit and is exhausted only in floor version.
Solid fuel heating boilers. The oldest and most popular type of heating equipment among the population. They are used to maintain warm air and prepare hot water in country houses and industrial complexes. This type of boiler is used in buildings remote from the city. Solid fuel heating boilers are working offline and are completely independent of electricity.
Electric heating boilers. They do not require special permission or approval to work in a private home. Their main difference is the built-in equipment of systems and temperature programmers. Electric boilers are used as a reserve for solid fuel boilers in case the firewood burns out. This scheme is convenient in a small heated area where it is not possible to install a solid fuel boiler with a large firebox, as well as in places where there is no gas supply.

Universal boilers

The main difference between universal or combined boilers is the ability to use several types of fuel at the same time. The operation of a universal boiler is based on solid fuel, and other types - liquid, gas or electricity - as a supplement. This feature allows the boiler to be used in different areas under different conditions.

The minimum configuration of a universal boiler includes water jacket, furnace And frame. In addition, the boiler can be equipped with a pump, automation, security system and thermostat. The burner for the boiler is usually not included in the kit; it must be purchased separately.

The boiler body is made of either steel or cast iron. Practice shows that owners resort to repairing cast iron boilers more often than steel boilers. In addition, a cast iron boiler is heavier.

Types of universal boilers

the most common type of universal boiler is boiler with a chamber for burning solid fuel with additional installations of mounted burners for liquid fuel and gas;
boiler with replaceable burners for gas and liquid fuel and with built-in electric heating element;
wood gas generator boiler or wood-gas- when wood burns, flammable gas is released, which, unlike conventional boilers, does not escape into the atmosphere, but is completely burned in the boiler, which significantly increases the heating effect.

To increase the efficiency of using universal boilers, a heated water accumulator is connected to them. The accumulator is a reservoir into which excess water is removed from the boiler. Using a pump from the battery through the valve, hot coolant - water or antifreeze for heating - enters the system, ensuring uniform heating and high system efficiency.

To choose a gas boiler and not make a mistake, it is recommended to study this material:

How to choose the right heating boiler for your home

Among the many types of heating boilers, choosing the right boiler (suitable for your home) is not easy. The choice is made based on the following criteria: price, type of fuel, power, method of removing exhaust gases, installations, by number of circuits.

Price. On the market, heating boilers are divided into three main price groups - high-quality and expensive (as a rule, Swedish and German production); average in price, but without losing quality (made in Italy, South Korea, Spain, Czech Republic, Japan, Slovakia); cheap - made in Russia.
Power. The power of the heating boiler is taken into account depending on the size of the area of the heated room. The calculation takes into account all heat conductors - doors, windows, floors, wall material, etc. You can correctly calculate the boiler power with the help of engineers or special calculators.
Fuel. Depending on the conditions and location of your home, everyone chooses the best option for a heating boiler.
Number of circuits. If you only need to heat the house, then a single-circuit type of boiler will be the right choice for you. If you would like to receive not only heat, but also hot water, purchase a double-circuit heating boiler.

Reviews of gas boilers can be found in this article:

Afterword

If finances allow you - entrust installation to specialists. Then, in the future, all responsibility for the operation of the heating equipment will fall on the shoulders of the manufacturer (of course, with proper operation), and if problems arise, you will be able to quickly and competently solve them.

If the issue of home heating is not an issue for residents of southern countries in principle, then for you and me this is one of the main problems that arises immediately after the construction of the walls of a private house. No one will particularly argue that the boiler will be the source of thermal energy. The question is: “Which boiler should I install?” Therefore, first you need to clearly find out what heating boilers for a private home exist in general.

When choosing a boiler, you must follow several rules. For example, to know what type of fuel is most suitable for a particular area:

It is good to heat a garden house with wood;
near thermal springs you can use the energy of water;
the passage of a gas main near an individual building automatically assumes gas heating: the energy obtained by burning gas is converted into heat.

In addition, it is worth calculating how much heat is “wasted” - determining the heat loss of the house, as well as determining the need for hot water. Then, based on all these indicators, calculate the required power and only then go to a store that sells heating boilers for a private home

Classification by type of fuel consumed

Depending on the energy carrier used, boilers for heating a private house are, in principle,:

on gaseous fuel, using both natural and liquefied gas;
on solid fuel: peat, coal, firewood, etc.;
on liquid fuel: fuel oil, diesel fuel, kerosene, etc.;
operating using electricity;
working with the transmission of geothermal energy from natural sources;
solar radiation.

Parameters to pay attention to

The accuracy of the calculations can only be guaranteed by a heating engineer. But you can “estimate” the expected power based on the fact that a well-insulated room with a volume of 30 m 3 can be completely heated with 1 kW of the expended boiler power. This is an average sample. If additional conditions arise, for example, heating a summer kitchen, a glass veranda, or a winter greenhouse, the power increases significantly.

IMPORTANT! If it is necessary to spend energy on heating water, the value of the calculated characteristic is automatically increased by another half.

However, a simple power calculation is not sufficient to decide the choice of heat generator model. The location of the heating equipment also plays an important role. Calculations are made taking into account the total power of all thermal units.

When installing heating boilers for a private home, you should follow the instructions regulating the placement of heating units intended for heating and hot water supply. In accordance with them, a boiler for heating a country house must meet a number of requirements:

a boiler for heating a private house, installed in a room on the ground, basement or first floor with the obligatory arrangement of a second exit from the room;
the presence of effective aeration (equipping the window with a window, the presence of a gap or grille at the bottom of the door) and forced ventilation, ensuring sufficient air exchange in the room;
availability of sufficient natural light for maintenance, etc.

Due to the particular popularity of gas options, we would like to tell you more about these units. You can read about boilers using other types of fuel in our other articles.

Wall or floor system?

Gas boilers for private homes are:

Wall-mounted.
Floor-standing.

Wall options and their features

A compact wall-mounted boiler is at the same time a small heating unit that combines in one unit an atmospheric gas burner, a control element, a heat exchanger, an expansion tank, a pump to increase coolant circulation, temperature control instruments and security system sensors.

In terms of savings, a gas boiler has no equal in today's market

A wall-mounted gas boiler for a private home can have both forced and natural draft. It all depends on the model. For buildings that do not have a conventional chimney, a forced draft device is ideal. The fan built into the boiler effectively removes gas combustion products through a coaxial chimney that exits into a hole in the wall. In equipment with natural removal of combustion products, their removal occurs under the influence of natural draft.

The second function of heating equipment is to heat water for domestic needs. Its preparation can be carried out in several ways: by heating in single-circuit boilers, which are equipped with additional equipment (boiler) and double-circuit boilers. Automation in the unit allows you to regulate operating modes, and in the summer the boiler does not work for heating, only heating water. Attachments have the following advantages:

compact installation, the ability to save usable space;
light weight (average 50 kg);
if necessary, they can be easily converted to liquefied gas.

What are the benefits of floor options?

If it is necessary to install a boiler in a private house with a heating area of more than 200 m2, then most homeowners opt for this option of heat generators. Designed for heating power from ten to several hundred kW, they provide not only comfortable indoor microclimate conditions, but also the necessary hot water flow. Although the efficiency is less than that of wall-mounted units, the service life of floor-standing boilers is much longer and is about 50 years with proper operation. This is facilitated by the heat exchanger material.

This heating “monster” is capable of supplying heat to a very large room.

Cast iron heat exchangers. Cast iron has no equal in terms of durability and reliability. He is “indifferent” to corrosion processes. If it does burn out, it is extremely rare. For uninterrupted and long-term operation, you need to follow a number of rules, including:

do not subject the fragile cast-iron heat exchanger to impacts;
monitor coolant leaks from the system (a sharp temperature change when additionally filling a hot heat exchanger with cold coolant can lead to cracks and leaks);
With constant replenishment or replacement of water with a high salt content, the formation of scale on the cast iron surface is inevitable - the cause of microcracks.

Steel heat exchangers. Relatively unsusceptible to mechanical stress, much lighter than cast iron. Their service life directly depends on the quality of the steel - the material of manufacture, its thickness, as well as on the quality of the heat exchanger. The common “trouble” is susceptibility to corrosion - 15 years is considered the optimal service life of such a boiler.

Replacing a boiler in case of failure: what do we replace with what?

Another “sore” issue, the inevitable solution of which will come sooner or later: failure of heating equipment. A forced replacement of a boiler in a private house can be solved in two ways: either only a new unit is installed, or more effective measures are taken to replace the entire heating system.

Of course, we can limit ourselves to installing a new modern heat generator instead of an ineffective or failed unit from the “Soviet” period. In this case, a compact, reliable wall-mounted device that works to simultaneously heat water and heat the living space is the best option, especially if it is a boiler for heating a country house . Small size and high efficiency will suit the owner of a small home with an area of up to 200 m2.

The second option is more expensive, but also clearly preferable to the first. The problem of dirty heating pipes with many years of “deposits” of dirt and scale, which greatly reduce heat transfer, is immediately solved. If the source of contamination is not removed, it will immediately clog the newly installed equipment, which can cause rapid breakdown. And the old design of gravity-flow systems heats up unevenly: coolant with the lowest temperature flows to radiators remote from the heating source.

The question of which equipment to give preference to: wall-mounted or floor-mounted is solved comprehensively and consists of the following measures:

Installing a floor-standing boiler requires efficient natural draft and a spacious chimney.
Maintain the required area standards, tolerances and conditions in accordance with construction standards, regardless of the type of equipment selected.
Take into account the costs of additional equipment (expansion tank, pump, safety devices) for floor-standing units.
Give preference to a model that comes with special equipment that allows it to operate on liquefied gas.

NOTE! All modern equipment is electrified. In case of power surges in the network or frequent power outages in the suburban sector, backup power should be provided.

Gas boilers for a country house are indispensable equipment for heating building premises and heating water. The installation of such boiler units is increasingly being practiced by owners of communal housing. The unsatisfactory performance of city heating networks does not provide comfortable living conditions in apartments. Boilers for heating residential premises are effective heat generators and water heaters for their owners’ own needs.

Today, heating boilers are needed not only for private homes. Sometimes they are installed in apartments, having received special permission for this.

Having your own boiler in the house provides the following advantages:

maintains a comfortable temperature in the rooms regardless of the heating season;
saves money on heating costs.

Heating boilers are selected depending on the area of the house or apartment, taking into account the type of fuel that will be used for heating.

It is better to install gas appliances in apartments. In a private home, products intended for solid fuels are used:

firewood;
charcoal;
special briquettes made from sawdust.

Boilers are manufactured that run on diesel fuel or electricity. The engineers designing the heating system will tell you which device is best to choose.

Which boiler to choose based on power

For heating 10 sq. m of living space with low (up to 3 m) ceilings requires 1 kW of power. Thus, for a house of 100 sq. m need a device with a power of at least 10k W.

Engineers, when designing a heating system, take into account the thickness of the external walls of the house, the material from which they are made, the size and number of windows. The functional purpose of each room and the presence of other heating sources are taken into account: fireplaces, stoves, heated floors.

Fuel types

Boilers operate on:

diesel fuel;
electricity;
main gas;
firewood, charcoal, coke;
on several types of fuel simultaneously.

Gas appliances are installed in 70% of private homes. But if the cottage is located on a summer cottage where there is no gas pipeline, then it is better to heat the building with solid fuel.

Types of boilers

They differ in type of fuel, material and installation method.

Based on the material from which these devices are made, they are divided into:

cast iron;
steel.

Cast iron products are heavier than steel ones, they are difficult to install and, according to statistics, they require repairs more often, but with proper care they last about 50 years.

Depending on the tasks that heating boilers perform, they are divided into:

single-circuit. They are intended only for heating the house;
double-circuit. These devices additionally perform the function of geysers, heating heating pipes and hot water. It is better to install a double-circuit boiler than to allocate a separate place for the boiler.

Boilers are also:

non-volatile. They do not require an electrical connection to function fully;
volatile. Water circulation in the system and forced draft are not possible without power supply.

Types of boilers by installation method

Based on the installation method, a distinction is made between floor-mounted and wall-mounted heating boilers.

Wall-mounted devices have the following advantages:

compactness;
easy installation.

Modern wall-mounted appliances are equipped with a circular pump and an expansion tank.

Floor-standing gas appliances are available with two types of burners:

with inflatables. They run on gas or diesel, depending on what type of burner is installed.
with atmospheric ones.

The main advantages and disadvantages of boilers

Used in houses and apartments.

Flaws

The equipment is installed only near gas mains.
The connection of the device must be carried out by gas service employees after completing the regulatory documentation.
For the boiler room, a room with good ventilation is allocated, and a chimney is also equipped.

Advantages

The device is easy to use.
It is convenient to regulate the temperature in heating pipes.
Silent.
They heat large buildings.

Diesel

Such heating boilers are only single-circuit, floor-standing, with an open combustion chamber. A container with diesel fuel is connected to the device. The fuel tank is included with the product. Diesel fuel is purchased at gas stations. It is better to buy a tank right away, because 3-4 tons of diesel fuel are spent per heating season.

Equipment disadvantages

The room for installing the device is equipped with an exhaust hood to prevent carbon monoxide from accumulating in the room.
The hood is regularly cleaned of soot.
High cost of the device and burners for it.

Advantages

High efficiency.
Gas boilers are better at heating large buildings.
Installation of equipment does not require special permits.

Solid fuel

They work without electricity and can perform a number of additional functions: heat water, and some devices also serve as a stove for cooking. Depending on the power and efficiency, these heating boilers are used in country houses, cottages, and industrial buildings.

Flaws

Price. If you do not prepare fuel yourself, then buying ready-made firewood will be expensive. Chips, straw, sawdust burn too quickly and do not provide enough heat. An economical type of fuel compared to firewood is coal.
Service time. It is necessary to add firewood every 3-4 hours to keep the fire going. The hood must be cleaned of soot and soot twice a year.
Inaccurate regulation of the water heating temperature in the system.
Rapid cooling of pipes when wood burns out.
Low efficiency. A lot of heat escapes with smoke.
Installation in a room with good ventilation. There will be a constant smell of smoke.

Advantages

Ecological cleanliness.
Work on available fuel. You will not be left without heat if electricity or gas goes out.
Convenient installation in dachas where there is no gas pipeline.
Equipped with stoves for cooking and a tank for heating water.

Electrical

No special documents are needed to install them. It is better to install these devices as backup devices for solid fuel devices. When the wood in the firebox burns out, it automatically continues to maintain the desired temperature in the heating pipes. This connection is useful if you have to add firewood to the solid fuel boiler every 4 hours.

Flaws

Low power. They heat rooms up to 100 square meters. m.
Price. You will have to pay large electricity bills.
Power outages. If something happens, the house is left without heating.
Sensitivity to voltage changes, so they are connected through stabilizers.
Annual maintenance, if it is not carried out, the heater fails.

Advantages

Safety. There is no fire in them. During operation, no harmful substances or unpleasant odors are released.
Easy to use, they do not require complicated connections.
Compact sizes.
Silent operation of the equipment.
Installation does not require a separate room and a powerful hood.
The work is carried out without soot and soot.

Universal boilers

They are designed for firewood, but can also operate on liquid fuel or gas if special burners are installed. Today, heating boilers with a built-in electric heating element are produced. The best option for a private home is a wood gas generator device, which uses not only the heat from the combustion of wood to heat water, but also the gas that is released. By installing such a boiler for heating a private home, you can save on firewood.

Flaws

Price. The device is expensive to maintain.
Difficulty in managing equipment.

Advantages

Possibility to use several types of fuel.
Reliability. Installing such a device ensures that the house will not be left without heat during the cold season.

How to install heating boilers

Installation of a heating system requires knowledge and appropriate skills. It is better to install any boiler by involving specialists from the Marisrub company. They will calculate the power of the device, select heating radiators and the type of pipes, equip the boiler room in accordance with building codes, help reduce heat loss in the building and install a ventilation system.

Where should the heating boiler be located in the house?

This equipment is installed:

In the basement. A special place is allocated for this – the boiler room. This is the best option for a private home. In living rooms there will be no noise from the operation of the boiler, and there will be no foreign odors.
In the utility room of the house. This is how floor products are installed. The wall-mounted device is compact in size and does not require a separate room.
In a specially built boiler room. If the device is intended for heating an industrial building or high-rise building, then it is installed outside the house.
On the roof. This method is increasingly being used in urban homes.

Gas boiler installation

The work is carried out after receiving permission from the gas service. Only employees of this service have the right to connect the boiler.

Room requirements for a gas boiler

A chimney is being installed in the boiler room.
A constant flow of air into the boiler room is ensured.
The boiler room doors are not locked; free access to the room is provided.
Floor-standing boilers are installed at a distance of at least 30 cm from the walls.
The area of the boiler room should not be 8 sq.m. and more.
Automatic shut-off of gas in case of leakage is provided.

Installation of a liquid fuel boiler

Installation of equipment does not require special permits. The main problem when installing the device is the fuel supply and installation in a boiler tank with diesel fuel.

In addition, they provide free access to places where the chimney is cleaned from soot.

Installation of solid fuel products

The room has space for storing firewood. The room must have good ventilation.

Electric boiler installation

Such equipment is suitable for heating small areas. The room for installing the device must have a network with a voltage of 380 V. An electric boiler can be selected for heating the apartment.