home » Before winter » Pansies. Pansies: planting and care Small flowers similar to pansies

Pansies. Pansies: planting and care Small flowers similar to pansies

Tricolor violet is a flower with erect, branched, thin stems, 15-20 centimeters in height.. The leaves are arranged alternately. The shape is slightly round and heart-shaped. They are adjacent to large lyre-shaped stipules. The leaves on the stems are sessile, and the lower ones are petiolate.

The flowers are quite large, solitary, irregularly shaped, they open on elongated stalks. They reach 3-4 centimeters in diameter. The corolla forms five petals that are not similar in shape. The lower petal is yellow or white. He's bigger than the others. The two upper petals are violet-blue or dark purple. And the side ones often have a light purple color.

Which plants are they: annual or perennial?

Pansy is a perennial plant. Most often, amateur gardeners purchase one-year or two-year-old flowers in stores. The question arises why they don’t take perennial violets. The thing is that over time a beautiful flower loses its beauty. After three years, the plant becomes old. The buds become small and then do not form at all.

Origin story

It is not known exactly when and under what circumstances pansies appeared. Entire legends have been invented about the origin of the tricolor violet, but which of them are true and which are not is also unclear. Here is one such legend:

One day, the goddess Venus wanted to swim away from human eyes. She discovered a secret corner in a remote grotto. While bathing, the goddess suddenly heard a rustling sound. Turning, Venus noticed several eyes of curious mortals. She became very angry and decided to punish these people for such insolence. But Venus was unable to punish the curious, so she turned to Zeus, who turned them into pansies.

We recommend watching a video about the legend of the origin of Pansies:

What does viola look like?

Pansies have a thin stem with rounded leaves and single flowers. The stem can reach up to 30 centimeters in height. Inside it can be triangular, branched, hollow or erect. Sometimes, several creeping stems extend from one root.

The buds are single with five petals, which in turn are located on a triangular peduncle with two bracts near the flower itself. The sepals located below are larger in size than the upper ones. The predominant tones in color are blue, purple and various shades of these colors. The plant has five stamens pressed to the pistil. They are in contact with the anthers and short filaments of stamens.

Pansy leaves are petiolate, glabrous or sparsely hairy along the veins. The shape of the lower leaves is ovate. Petioles are elongated. The top leaves look different. Their shape is oblong lanceolate. The petioles on them are small. Each leaf has two stipules.

The root of the flower is thin, taprooted and has few branches. It is brown in color. It enters the ground almost vertically.

The most popular varieties with photos

large-flowered;
small-flowered.

Often, novice gardeners buy large-flowered Pansies, thereby making a mistake, because small-flowered ones are hardier and stronger. They are not afraid of rain and sudden temperature changes.

There are three types of plants:

tricolor violet;
yellow violet;
Altai violet.

Breeders have created many varieties using the species listed above as a basis.

Evening heat

This variety has large beautiful flowers. They reach 5-6 centimeters in diameter. They grow on a long stalk that reaches 10 centimeters. The flowers themselves are not very bright, with wavy edges. The bush grows up to 15 centimeters in height.

Ice King

Grows in height up to 20 centimeters. During the flowering period, white flowers with a green tint bloom. The lower petals have characteristic purple spots.

Weiss

This variety has gigantic dimensions compared to others. It reaches a height of 25 centimeters. Flowers are 6-7 centimeters in diameter with a wavy edge. Color – white with a yellow center.

Tiger's Eye

The flower has an unusual color that looks like a tiger. The bush is quite compact, growing up to 20 centimeters in height. It grows into a lush carpet. The flowers are yellow with black stripes. The diameter does not exceed 3-4 centimeters. This variety feels great in almost any soil with good drainage..

Adonis

A plant that is distinguished by its rapid growth and long flowering. Adonis is quite small, only about 15 centimeters in height. Its flowers are large. The upper two petals are light blue, and the lower three have white and purple spots. Used in flowerbeds in groups. The variety is winter-hardy.

Medicinal properties of violet tricolor

Tricolor violet has medicinal properties, as its composition is extraordinary.. It contains salicylic acid, ascorbic acid, essential oils, tannins and much more. Such a wealth of substances provides effective assistance in treating diseases.

Actions on the human body:

Diuretic.
Expectorant.
Anti-inflammatory.
Sweatshop.
Heals wounds.
Relieves itching and irritation.
Cleanses the blood.
Calming.

Important: Decoctions, infusions or teas can be prepared from the flower. Infusions of pansies are recommended to treat diseases of the respiratory system, for example, bronchial diseases, pneumonia, tuberculosis.

Drops made from the plant can even cure sinusitis. Tricolor violet copes well with itching after mosquito bites in young children.

We recommend watching a video about the medicinal properties of Pansies (tricolor violets):

What does it symbolize?

Pansies symbolize fidelity, wisdom, devotion. They also symbolize the arrival of spring, as they are the first to bloom after the snow melts.

Legend of the flower

There are many legends about the flower and its origin. One of the legends says that one day the girl Anyuta showed excessive curiosity. She became interested in the details of the lives of strangers. And as punishment she was turned into a plant.

Ancient Rus' had its own beliefs about Pansies. They said that because of love, the girl Anyuta turned into a flower. She fell in love with the young man, who reciprocated. But since the young man was from a wealthy family, his parents insisted that he marry another, more wealthy one. Anyuta could not stand such betrayal and died.

There was another legend. In a village there lived a girl named Anyuta. She was trusting and kind. One day, a young man of attractive appearance came to her village. Anyuta could not resist and trusted him, but he deceived her. The guy said he would come back for her, but he never came again. The girl soon died of melancholy, and wonderful flowers bloomed on her grave, which looked like her beautiful eyes.

In Germany, Pansies are called stepmothers. And this name was not invented by chance. The lower petal is the largest and most beautiful. The petal symbolizes the dressed-up stepmother. The slightly higher petals are dressed up daughters. The two remaining petals symbolize the stepdaughters in poor clothes.

Attention: There is a belief that at first the stepmother was on top, and the stepdaughter was on bottom. That was until God intervened. He turned the flower over, thereby taking pity on his stepdaughters.

"Chanson".

Conclusion

Pansies are a beautiful flower about which legends and stories are made. It not only has unusual buds with multi-colored spots depending on the variety. He is a real helper in diseases when traditional medicine is less effective.

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Among the early and beautifully flowering cultivated plants, pansies occupy one of the first places in floriculture. The variety of their colors and color combinations is simply incredible: from pure white to almost black with all sorts of shades of yellow, blue, and red. In the center of the flower there is often a spot of original shape and color. In this article we will talk about the most popular types and varieties of pansies, and also share our experience in growing these beautiful flowers.

Pansies - beautiful, like in a fairy tale! © Jon K Content:

Description of the plant

There are two most popular types of this plant - Violet tricolor and Violet Wittrock. They differ in the shape of the flower. F. wittrock has larger flowers, while F. tricolor is a small-flowered plant.

Pansies, or Violet tricolor (Viola tricolor) - a herbaceous plant common in Europe and temperate regions of Asia; species of the genus Violet of the Violet family.
Wittrock violet, or garden pansies (Viola × wittrokiana) is a herbaceous plant of hybrid origin of the Violet family. Under this name numerous varieties and variety groups obtained with the participation of tricolor violet ( Viola tricolor), Altai ( Viola altaica) and yellow ( Viola lutea) and some other species.

In ancient times, pansies were credited with the ability to bewitch love: one has only to sprinkle the juice of the plant on the eyelids of a sleeping person and wait for him to wake up - he will fall in love forever. The French and Poles give pansies as a keepsake when they are apart. And in England a tradition was born: a young man who is embarrassed to declare his love just needs to send his chosen one this dried flower and write his name.

Pansies are perennial plants ranging in height from 15 to 30 cm, they are usually grown as biennials. Their showy flowers follow the shape of a violet. The bushes are compact at the beginning of the growing season, then become spreading; The main shoot is erect, the root system is fibrous. In the axils of the leaves, pansies form peduncles, the ends of which are crowned with single large flowers with a diameter of up to 7 cm. The special value of pansies lies in their early and abundant flowering. In central Russia they bloom already at the end of April.

Numerous varieties of large-flowered violets are common in cultivation - a complex hybrid obtained during many years of breeding work. Many modern hybrids are heat-resistant and have the ability to bloom throughout the summer.

Pansy, or Viola tricolor. © Dan Chiriţă

Wittrock's violet, or garden pansy (Víola × wittrokiana). © Vinayaraj

Growing and care

Pansies are used for early spring two-shift flower decoration. In the summer, when it loses its decorative value, it is replaced with summer flowers. But depending on the timing of sowing and the adopted agricultural technology, you can get flowering in summer and late autumn. In this regard, pansies are a very flexible, undemanding and easy-to-cultivate plant.

Pansies are propagated mainly by seeds and green cuttings. Depending on the planned time of flowering, sowing is done at different times. To obtain abundant early spring flowering, seeds are sown in the summer of the previous year.

In the northern and northwestern zones, for example, near Leningrad and Murmansk, seeds are sown in open ground (nurseries) in the second ten days of July so that the plants do not develop too much, are not excessively large, and do not bloom in the fall.

Pansies are winter-hardy plants, but in the North-West, and sometimes in the middle zone, they experience freezing and damping off. More often this happens in damp places and when sowing dates are violated. If the seeds are sown in late May-early June, the seedlings bloom in the fall and outgrow. Such plants go into winter already weakened; they do not tolerate winter well and often die out.

Therefore, plants that are well bushed, but not overgrown or weakened by autumn flowering, tolerate overwintering better, do not wither away and bloom well in the spring of next year. With later, belated sowings, the plants go into winter not strong enough and have little bushiness. They winter worse and bloom later in the spring.

A winter with little snow and severe frosts has a negative effect on the overwintering of pansies. Spring can be especially destructive, when the snow melts very early, thaws begin, and at night there are severe frosts. Therefore, it is advisable to retain snow on ridges with pansies. They do not tolerate low, damp places and especially spring stagnation of water.

Pansies are winter-hardy plants. © albert_zsolt

Propagation of pansies by seeds

To obtain seedlings, sowing is done in nurseries or on well-cultivated ridges in rows; seeds are not sown densely in a row; seedlings appear on the 6-14th day. Regular care: watering, loosening row spacing. The seedlings are spread to other ridges or nurseries, where they should overwinter. The picking distance is 20x20 cm. Picking must be done in a timely manner, preventing the seedlings from stretching and outgrowing.

The next year, in early spring, the plants quickly begin to grow and bloom. To speed up flowering, the beds can be covered with film in early spring. Pansies in bloom are transplanted into flower beds. To decorate windows and balconies, they are planted in pots or flower boxes.

Caring for plantings in places of registration consists of systematic weeding and loosening. If necessary, water and control pests. It is useful to feed the seedlings with ammonium nitrate and add superphosphate (20-40 g per 1 m2). Pansies do not tolerate fresh manure. To prolong flowering in the summer, it is necessary to remove all faded flowers in order to delay the development of fruits, since when seeded, the plants stop flowering.

On poor, dry, sandy soils, pansies quickly become smaller, especially varieties with gigantic flowers. On such soils it is necessary to apply organic fertilizers in the form of compost and humus (5 kg per 1 m2); applying fresh manure is not recommended. In a sunny place, pansies produce large and bright flowers. In partial shade they bloom a little longer, but poorer, the flowers are smaller and not so bright.

In the summer, when pansies fade and lose their decorative value, they are dug up and replaced with annuals.

To obtain seeds, the most typical strong compact specimens are selected from among the plants dug up and planted on seed beds (they can easily tolerate replanting in a flowering state). Watering is necessary.

Considering that pansies are cross-pollinating plants, when planting them for seeds, it is necessary to maintain spatial isolation of one variety from another. This will allow you to obtain pure-quality seeds. Seed collection should begin when the boxes turn yellow, otherwise they will quickly crack and the seeds will spill out.

If desired, pansies can be grown as an annual crop. To do this, seeds are sown in February-March in a greenhouse or room in bowls or picking boxes. In April they dive into greenhouses, and in May they are planted in the ground. When sown in spring, pansies experience prolonged flowering in the summer of the same year. But in terms of the abundance and size of flowers, the annual crop is much inferior to plants grown from last year’s summer sowing.

For autumn flowering, pansies are sown in April-May; they bloom on the 55-70th day.

If desired, pansies can be grown as an annual crop. © bong tuazon

Vegetative propagation

Of great interest is the vegetative method of propagating hybrid varieties of pansies - by green cuttings in open ground. It is simple, effective and at the same time allows you to keep the variety pure and get a lot of planting material in one summer. Cuttings are taken from May to July in 2-3 doses. All green terminal shoots with 2-3 nodes are suitable. To do this, low ridges are made in shaded, slightly damp places (under the canopy of trees). They are compacted tightly and watered.

The cuttings are planted tightly to a depth of 0.5 cm, so that the leaves of one cutting are in contact with the leaves of another. 400 pieces are planted per square meter. After planting, spray with water.

In the first days, to avoid wilting, the planted cuttings should be covered with paper soaked in water, creating a more humid atmosphere, which promotes rapid rooting. Care consists of daily watering, spraying, and weeding. After 3-4 weeks, the cuttings give 95-100% rooting. With early (May, June) cuttings, the plants bloom in the summer or autumn of the same year. Later cuttings produce abundant flowering in the spring of next year.

Rooted cuttings are transplanted into ridges or flower beds in the fall. When cuttings are taken very late (August), it is better to leave the rooted plants to overwinter at the cutting sites, covering them with a leaf for the winter. Plants should be planted in flower beds in the spring of next year.

Propagation of hybrid pansies by green cuttings provides rejuvenation of plants, which tend to grow greatly in the third year to the detriment of flowering. About 10 cuttings can be cut from one mother plant at one time, and over the summer - 30-45 pieces.

The best varieties of pansies

Small-flowered varieties

"Blue Boy"- blue-blue flowers, 3-4 cm in diameter;
"Snow Maiden"- flowers are white, 3-4 cm in diameter.
"Little Red Riding Hood"- flowers are bright red, 3.5-4 cm in diameter.

Large-flowered varieties

"Ice King"- the flower is white with a barely noticeable yellowish-green tint. The lower three petals have purple spots, the edges are smooth. Flower on a long stalk (8-10 cm), up to 5 cm in diameter. Bush height 20 cm.
"Winter sun"- the flower is bright yellow, on the three lower petals there are dark velvet-brown spots, the edges are uneven. Flower on a long stalk (8-10 cm), 5 cm in diameter. Bush height 20 cm.
"Heavenly Queen"- the color of the flower when blooming is almost pure blue; in the sun it fades and acquires a light lilac-blue hue. The flower reaches 4.5-5 cm in diameter. The edges of the petals are smooth, the peduncle is long - 9-11 cm. The height of the bush is 20 cm.
"The Magic of March"- the flower is dark purple, almost black in color when fully blooming. The petals are velvety, the edges are smooth. The flower is 5-5.5 cm in diameter, the peduncle is long (9-10 cm). Bush height 20 cm.
"Jupiter"- the flower's upper petals are purple-violet at the base and whitish at the top. The color of the three lower petals is also purple-violet, the edges of the petals are even, the pedicels are short (7-8 cm). Bush height 20 cm.
"Evening Heat"- the flower is brownish-red, the lower three petals have darker spots in comparison with the main background, the edges of the petals are slightly wavy, the peduncle is long (9-10 cm). The flower reaches 5-5.5 cm in diameter. The bush is low 10-15 cm.

Pansies are ideal for container growing. © Online Plant Guide

Gigantic varieties

"Blue"- the flower is violet-blue, there are dark purple spots on the three lower petals, the edges of the petal are even, the flower is 6-7 cm in diameter, on a long peduncle (10-11 cm). Bush height 25 cm.
"White"- the flower is white with a barely noticeable yellowish-greenish tint, reaches 6-7 cm in diameter, the edges of the petals are slightly wavy, the peduncle is long (9-10 cm). Bush 20 cm high.
"Golden yellow"- the flower is monochromatic, golden-yellow in color, reaches 6-7 cm in diameter, the edges of the petals are even, the peduncle is long (10-12 cm). Bush height 20 cm.

Possible growing problems

Of the pests, pansies can be affected by aphids and cutworms, against which appropriate drugs are used. Diseases that occur if agricultural practices are violated include blackleg, root and stem rot, spotting, and powdery mildew.

Thanks to their unpretentiousness and abundant flowering, pansies are grown in flower beds and in balcony boxes, decorating plantings of bulbous flowers and alpine slides. With proper care, they will delight you with their flowering from early spring to late autumn.

There is a legend that after many years of waiting, the faithful girl Anyuta turned into this flower, who once saw off her groom to protect his native land, who never returned. And now, like many years ago, pansies stand near the road, “peering” into the distance with hope.

Pansies are miniature, but very beautiful and incredibly bright flowers, similar to tropical butterflies, which invariably attract the attention of others. Flower growers also call this flower viola or tricolor violet.

Despite the fact that pansies are a perennial plant, their different varieties are grown for no more than two years, otherwise the decorative effect will suffer. The process of planting and caring for this plant has some features that the gardener will have to study if he is planting pansies for the first time. This is what we will talk about today.

For the first time, pansies began to be grown in European cities, and then the bright flower spread to other countries. The plant gained great popularity due to its ease of care and its decorativeness and dissimilarity from other flowers.

The main value of this representative of the violet family is the beautiful flowers of many shades, the peculiarity of which is the dark center. Thanks to this distinctive feature, pansies got their name - a dark mark on a light background resembles a pupil.

Active flowering of pansies can be seen in the spring season - the flowers differ in shape and color, and often attract attention. The petals can be carved or even; in addition, there are all kinds of colors: red, blue, black, purple and many others.

Varieties and varieties of pansies

In total, there are more than 400 species of plants, which differ in size and external characteristics.

Table 1. Varieties of pansies by flower size

Pansy flowers are also classified according to external characteristics:

monochrome;
two-color;
spotted.

Despite the variety of varieties, only a few specimens are especially loved by flower growers around the world. All of them have a unique appearance and are often used in landscape design.

Table 2. The most common varieties of pansies

Variety, photo	Description
	The bush grows up to 22-25 centimeters. Flowering continues from late spring to early autumn. The flowers are large, white with a purple eye, their diameter is 6 centimeters.
	Blooms for two years. The bush is branched, will grow up to 25-30 centimeters. The main distinguishing feature of the plant is its good adaptation to cold climates. It is grown both in open ground and in various pots. The flower petals have a velvety texture and an unusual dark color with a purple or blue tint.
	This plant has dense, elongated stems, voluminous flowers, of various shades and colors: white, dark, purple. A distinctive feature of the variety is its resistance to cold and the need for frequent watering.
	The flowers of this variety of pansies have a rich purple color with a light edging. The variety has a long flowering period. Such flowers are planted both in open soil and in pots, in flower beds.
	Belongs to the category of plants with large flowers, their diameter is about 8 centimeters. They have a rich red color with dark veins.

Features of growing pansies

Usually pansies are not grown for more than two seasons, because after this time the flowers become too small and lose their former beauty. Most often, the bush itself grows in the first 12 months, and the next year it begins to bloom.

However, this process may have slight deviations in timing - it depends on the method of planting the seeds. There are three methods for planting pansies, and their choice is influenced by the climatic features of the area and the expected flowering period.

Table 3. Methods of planting flowers

Way	Advantages	Flaws
Planting ready seedlings in late spring.	It begins to bloom quickly.	There is no exact information regarding the variety and variety.
Sowing seeds in open soil from late spring to mid-summer. Transplantation to a permanent place - at the end of August.	The roots of the seedlings will have time to strengthen before the onset of frost. Thanks to this, the plant will bloom in the spring.	Annual flowering.
Sowing seeds in containers in February-March.	You can get two years of flowering.	Closer to winter, you will have to carefully cover the bushes to protect them from frost.

Among all the options, the most effective is pre-planting seeds in containers. This allows you to get bushes that will delight you with their beautiful flowering for about two years in a row (even in central Russia). A similar method is also suitable for Siberian regions, but in this case the viola is grown as an annual plant and covered for the winter.

Growing a plant from seeds is carried out according to the following scheme: sowing in a container - diving - planting in open ground.

Important point! It is recommended to store planting material for no more than 1.5-2 years, because with each subsequent year the percentage of germination decreases.

Planting pansy seeds

Most often, a plastic container is used for sowing seeds. You will also need:

planting material;
tweezers;
soil mixture;
polyethylene film;
LED or special phytolamp;
disposable diving cups;
pure water;
spray.

Table 4. Preparation and planting process

illustration	Description
	Step one: choose a container of the right size. Its value directly depends on the amount of planting material. But it is worth considering that the viols must fit in it freely. If you don’t have a special container, you can cut a 2 or 5 liter plastic bottle. At the bottom of the container you need to make several holes through which excess liquid will come out.
	Step two: fill the container with soil mixture. You can purchase ready-made garden soil in the store (it does not need to be processed). But you can prepare it yourself from fertile soil, leaf humus, and compost. It is advisable to bake homemade soil in the oven before use.
	Step three: moisten the soil. The finished soil can be moistened with a spray bottle, and the homemade soil mixture should be soaked in a manganese solution (5%). The soil can be used after treatment within 7 days.
	Step four: place the seeds in a container. You can distribute the seeds over the surface with your hands or using tweezers, but it is important to maintain a distance between them.
	Step five: sprinkle the seeds with soil. The top layer should be no more than one centimeter.
	Step six: saturate the soil with moisture from a spray bottle and cover the container with film.

After planting, the container with seeds should be sent to a dry, warm place. Since this procedure is most often carried out in winter, the container is placed under an artificial lamp.

Often, seeds are planted in special peat tablets, because this method does not involve subsequent picking of seedlings.

Planting in peat tablets includes the following steps:

It is necessary to remove the packaging from each tablet and place them in a spacious container.
Then you should fill the peat tablets with warm water and wait a while for them to swell.
After that, the remaining liquid must be collected with a rag, and then 1-2 seeds should be planted in each peat container.
As in the previous case, they are sprinkled with soil.
Then the container should be covered with a tight lid or film and placed under a lamp.

Care after planting seeds

The process of caring for crops includes the following points:

Ventilate containers daily - this will require removing the lid or film and wiping off any accumulated condensation.
Periodic soil moisture. You should not overfill the container with water, but it is also not recommended to allow the soil to dry out.
Compliance with temperature conditions - it is better to keep the container at a temperature of 19 to 25 degrees.
Light control. If the container is exposed to direct sunlight, it is necessary to create a shadow artificially.

The first shoots begin to appear no earlier than two weeks later, but only if all of the above points are observed.

Care process after the first shoots appear:

remove the cover from the container (lid or film);
spray the soil from a sprayer as needed;
provide the sprouts with about 15 hours of daylight per day;
The container should be kept at a temperature of about 13-14 degrees so that the seedlings do not stretch too quickly;

The next step is to transplant the seedlings into separate containers, but it is worth considering that for this, at least two leaves must appear on each sprout.

Picking

Seedlings begin to sprout closer to the second month of spring. This procedure has several stages:

It is necessary to prepare containers for each sprout. If there are too many seedlings, then you can use another, more spacious box for such purposes.
The glasses are filled with soil mixture. It is necessary to use garden soil in which further planting of seedlings is planned.
The soil should be thoroughly moistened and a small hole should be made in it for planting.
Then you need to thoroughly water the soil in the container with the seedlings. After which each sprout is carefully removed (a wooden stick can be used for such purposes).

Important point! Shoots that are in peat tablets do not dive. They grow there until they are planted in open soil.

After diving, care should be provided for the seedlings:

moisten the soil;
take containers out onto the balcony during the day;
after five or more leaves appear, you can cut off the top of the plant so that the bush grows to the sides;
maintain the temperature around 15-17 degrees.

Planting in open ground

The first buds begin to appear on the shoots closer to the beginning of May. During this period, the bushes begin to be planted in open ground - even cold weather does not pose a danger to them.

Sequence of planting in open ground:

Choose a hill for the plant where the sun's rays fall. It is allowed if tall trees grow nearby, creating partial shade.
Then you need to make holes for the seedlings, keeping a distance of 20-25 centimeters between them.
Pour water into each hole and add organic fertilizer.
Remove the plant from the container along with a lump of earth, then place it in the center of the hole and cover it with soil.
Upon completion of the planting process, the soil is moistened again.

Plantings require further care throughout the summer:

regular watering and loosening of the soil;
mulching the soil with peat around the planting;
weeding - removing weeds;
removing buds after flowering;
trimming frozen leaves;
timely fertilizing with complex fertilizers.

Important point! After planting the plant in open ground, fertilizers should be applied twice per season, in the case of planting in pots - every 14 days.

Plant propagation

Viola is propagated not only by seeds, but also by vegetative methods:

cuttings;
dividing the bush.

Cuttings are prepared from small shoots that have 2-3 leaves. Cut them with a sharp knife at an angle. Then the cuttings are planted in separate glasses with soil. They do not need to be treated with any growth stimulating agents, because they already take root quickly in the soil. When the root system is formed and strengthened, they are already planted in the ground in accordance with all the rules.

Since viola is not grown for more than two seasons, dividing the bush will help preserve a certain variety without losing varietal qualities. To do this, it is dug up before flowering begins in the first months of spring, and divided into several parts.

Flower diseases and pests

Pansies are often subject to the development of various diseases and pest invasions, because the plant does not have the most pronounced resistance to such unfavorable factors.

Table 5. Common viola diseases

Disease	Description and method of struggle
	A white coating begins to appear on the shoots and foliage of the plant, as a result of which the castings rapidly wither and acquire a brown color. If such a problem exists, careful treatment with fungicides will be required. In this case, the following drugs will help: “Vitaros”, “Fundazol”. It is recommended to remove the affected stems and leaves.
	A gray coating appears on the leaves of the plant, and they cease to be dense. This disease is preceded by excessive moisture, which accumulates due to frequent watering. If there is a problem, you will need to reduce the number of waterings and treat the plant with a fungicide.
Bacterial spotting	A large number of brown spots of different sizes appear on the leaves of the plant. Affected plants are immediately removed, and all health is treated with copper oxychloride for prevention.

Disease

Description and method of struggle

A white coating begins to appear on the shoots and foliage of the plant, as a result of which the castings rapidly wither and acquire a brown color. If such a problem exists, careful treatment with fungicides will be required. In this case, the following drugs will help: “Vitaros”, “Fundazol”. It is recommended to remove the affected stems and leaves.

A gray coating appears on the leaves of the plant, and they cease to be dense. This disease is preceded by excessive moisture, which accumulates due to frequent watering. If there is a problem, you will need to reduce the number of waterings and treat the plant with a fungicide.

Bacterial spotting

A large number of brown spots of different sizes appear on the leaves of the plant. Affected plants are immediately removed, and all health is treated with copper oxychloride for prevention.

Table 6. Common viola pests

Pest	Description and method of struggle
Thanks to the variety of varieties of pansies, you can create a bright composition in one flowerbed by combining different types. But in order not to lose the decorative appearance of the plantings, it is important to provide the plant with proper care - in particular, timely watering, then it will delight others with its unusually beautiful flowering. Every gardener dreams that his garden or summer cottage, even if it is of a modest size, looks attractive. However, not every person has the strength, desire and capabilities to be at the dacha around the clock. Especially for those who really want to admire the beauty of flowering plants, while paying them a minimum of attention, we will tell you which perennial flowers for the garden, unpretentious, long-flowering and incredibly pleasing to the eye, to choose. Video - Sowing and picking viola Video - Growing pansies

Pest

Description and method of struggle

Thanks to the variety of varieties of pansies, you can create a bright composition in one flowerbed by combining different types. But in order not to lose the decorative appearance of the plantings, it is important to provide the plant with proper care - in particular, timely watering, then it will delight others with its unusually beautiful flowering.

Every gardener dreams that his garden or summer cottage, even if it is of a modest size, looks attractive. However, not every person has the strength, desire and capabilities to be at the dacha around the clock. Especially for those who really want to admire the beauty of flowering plants, while paying them a minimum of attention, we will tell you which perennial flowers for the garden, unpretentious, long-flowering and incredibly pleasing to the eye, to choose.

Video - Sowing and picking viola

Video - Growing pansies

Pansies or viola - a symbol of separation in France and Poland - are familiar to every person. Low bushes with 2-3 flowers of various colors often decorate city flower beds and garden plots, and simply bloom on their own in parks and alleys. Growing pansies from seeds or seedlings is simple, taking into account some subtleties.

Pansies: cultivation and care

The main problem facing those who want to plant pansies on their property is how exactly to grow this lovely flower. Although it is part of the perennial group, you can work with it as an annual or biennial. The choice of a specific strategy depends on the region in which the planting is taking place. In particular, in the middle zone, viola will not survive the harsh winter, and therefore it grows as an annual. But in the southern regions, pansies are grown as a biennial.

However, this flower cannot be called fragile and not resistant to cold. Those bushes that were planted late in open ground and, therefore, did not have time to get stronger in time will not tolerate frost. In addition, if the winter turns out to be practically snowless, and in the spring the daytime warmth is actively replaced by night frosts, the pansies will die. It is precisely these temperature jumps that are characteristic of a sharply continental climate and the middle zone in general. All these nuances force gardeners to breed viola using the method used for annuals.

For example, pansies must be protected from the cold by covering material, thrown onto the flowerbed not only at the end of autumn, but also at the very beginning of spring. This will protect the plant from March temperature changes and promotes early flowering. In winter, it is additionally necessary to trap snow on top of the covering material to increase warmth. And under no circumstances should violas be planted in lowlands, where low temperatures and moisture accumulation are typically observed.

It should be noted that pansies can be grown and propagated not only by seed, but also by cuttings. For this purpose, shoots with 2-3 nodes are cut off from flowers growing in open ground, often closer to July (if we are talking about specimens planted in May). Without any preliminary preparation, they are simply placed in the ground in a bed with the same soil composition as their “parents” and moistened with a spray bottle.

Their root system will develop within a month, and flowering can only be expected next year. Thus, this method is suitable only for areas with mild winters. But cuttings are considered the best option for cultivating pansies, allowing to prevent excessive growth of the bush.

Pansies: photos of flowers and the best varieties

Beginning gardeners believe that pansies have no color other than the classic purple-yellow and less expressive white-lilac color. However, this flower has many varieties, differing in bush size and, of course, color. Which ones should you choose for your flowerbed?

Among the small-flowered varieties, “Snegurochka” deserves attention. These are wonderful snow-white flowers with a diameter of 3-4 cm, contrasting with dark leaves. They are most often found in summer cottages, they sow and grow on their own, and are more than unpretentious. A rather unusual variety is “Little Red Riding Hood”. Its flowers are bright scarlet, as small as those of the previous specimen, but definitely do not go unnoticed.

The group of large-flowered varieties is more popular among gardeners. The height of the bushes themselves can reach 15-20 cm, and the diameter of the flowers is 5-7 cm. “Winter Sun” is distinguished by a yellow tint with lower velvety brown petals. “March Magic”, on the contrary, is a cooler-toned flower - the color is dark purple, turning into black as it blooms, the diameter is no more than 5.5 cm.

Another 1 group is gigantic. In fact, the bushes here are not that high (up to 30 cm), they just seem like giants in comparison with their lower counterparts. The diameter of the flowers can reach 10-12 cm, the height of the stem is up to 11 cm. Interesting among them are the varieties “Golden-yellow”, whose name directly indicates the color, and “Blue”: this specimen also has purple blotches on blue petals .

Growing pansy seedlings: methods

It is necessary to understand both algorithms for growing pansies in order to subsequently choose the only one convenient for yourself. And you immediately need to note the timing of sowing seedlings for each method. If viola is grown as an annual, sowing is carried out already in early February. In this case, the beginning of summer will be marked by the opening of buds. If you want to see flowers only for next year, you can sow pansy seedlings closer to the end of June.
According to the algorithm for annual plants, viola is grown in cold regions of Russia. For this purpose, large boxes or pots are filled with a substrate consisting of turf soil and compost that has had time to rot. The ratio of these parts is equal. And after filling the containers, the soil must be carefully moistened and laid out in thin, shallow (1.5 cm) rows. Seeds will be poured into them, covered with a thin layer of substrate. Finally, it is carefully trampled down.
While waiting for germination, it is recommended to cover the seedling container with glass. For the same purpose, thick film or even a plastic bag is used. However, condensation must be shaken off from them daily. And the boxes themselves are kept in relative heat, however, not as strong as for other seedlings: the upper limit of the temperature corridor is 15 degrees, the lower – 10 degrees.
As soon as the sprouts hatch - this will happen in 12-14 days - it is necessary to place containers with seedlings in an area that receives a sufficient amount of sunlight. This could be a windowsill or even a balcony. But the air temperature should not exceed 10 degrees. Picking is done when the plants get stronger. And the planting of pansy seedlings in open ground is carried out no earlier than the 1st of May for annuals.
How is picking done? To do it, you need to wait until 3-4 leaves appear on the plant, and then prepare separate pots. They need to be filled not with turf and compost, but with soil from the area where flowers will subsequently grow. Seedlings should be removed from the current box carefully, trying not to damage the roots.
After this, the hardening stage begins, lasting a whole month. Pots with young plants are taken out onto a ventilated balcony, under the sun's rays, where they are kept first for only 30 minutes, then 1.5 hours, then 2.5 hours, etc. If further transplantation into open ground is planned, it is carried out only a month after the picking. If pansies grow on a balcony or terrace, they can be redistributed into a flowerbed at any time.

Pansies: growing from seeds in open ground

Pansies are sown in open ground only in the southern regions, and even there most often - under a film or in a greenhouse. Nevertheless, the initial stage of growth in flowers should take place in the mildest possible temperature. In terms of timing, this is also June, and the sowing process itself differs little from what was done for seedlings. Unless the bed is filled with turf and compost, but the most fertile area with well-drained soil is simply selected. In the loosened soil, grooves 1-1.5 cm deep are drawn, and seeds are densely planted in them. They are covered with earth and carefully moistened.

Picking in open ground is also done after 3-4 sheets are found, and is carried out according to a 20 by 20 pattern. They are spread across flower beds only after a month. Until this moment, you will have to carry out an active campaign to care for pansies. In particular, pay attention to the issue of feeding them. To do this, gardeners use mineral fertilizers, which must contain nitrogen and phosphorus. Ammonium nitrate and superphosphate work well. For 1 sq.m. These drugs are taken in 20-30 g doses.

Before the flowering period, the viola is diligently watered, especially if the summer is hot. Additionally, it is necessary to remove drying leaves and fading flowers.

In order for pansies to survive the winter well, it is not recommended to shift their sowing dates to earlier dates.

Otherwise, the rules for caring for and growing pansies are simple. These are standard procedures typical for other flowering plants. What’s especially nice is that viola easily coexists in the flowerbed with any bulbous plants. This means it will fit exactly into the design of your site.

Describe all existing varieties and hybrids of pansies(Wittrock violets, violas) is very difficult, so we will talk about the most popular of them.
For convenience, we will use the generally accepted classification by flower size.

Plants whose varieties differ only in flower color are usually grouped into variety networks, so we give their descriptions.

Small-flowered violets (pansies)

The diameter of the flowers is up to 6 cm.

Medium-flowered Wittrock violets

Diameter 6-7.5cm

Photo	Description
	Trimardo. The variety series was created in France at the end of the 19th century. Gardeners love them for their fast growth, lush greenery, abundant flowering, and classic flower shape. The best varieties of pansy Trimardo: Adonis - soft blue, Cardinal - dark red, Morenkönig - black, Lord Beaconsfield and Super Beaconsfield - blue-violet lower petals, white upper ones.
	Schweitzer Risen(Swiss giant). Large flowers on low bushes, bred in 1927. The main advantages are early flowering, abundant flowering, excellent winter hardiness. The most famous varieties: The finest is pure white, Firnengold - golden yellow, brown spot, Orange Marie - orange-apricot, Flamme - brick red, Abendglut - dark red, Alpensee - blue, Bergwacht - blue-violet.
	Crystal Bowl F1(Crystal Bowl F1). Dwarf variety series, includes 12 varieties. Uniform color of flowers, numerous buds, dark green small leaves. They look best when planted in groups. An important advantage is that they tolerate heat better than other varieties, which is why they are chosen for planting in open areas.
	Maxim F1(Maxim Series F1). Hardy varieties that tolerate both heat and cold. Early and quite long flowering. The variety series includes 12 varieties, reflecting shades in the name (Maxim Orange, Maxim Rose, etc.), the distinctive feature is a dark eye.
	Giant Forrunner F1 (Giant Forerunner F1). One of the best in terms of winter hardiness. Includes 15 varieties.
	Joker F2(Joker F2). The name is given because of its eye-catching color: the flower petals are painted in two and sometimes three bright colors, and have an interesting corolla shape. Includes 7 varieties of pansies that winter well. The Jolly Joker variety has medals at exhibitions.
	Veseler Ice F1(Weseler Eis F1). 8 varieties, all characterized by abundant flowering. The coloring is different.
	Spring Time F1(Springtime F1). Early and long flowering, compactness, winter hardiness. There are 20 known varieties, one of the best is Spring Time Cassis, with a thin white stripe along the edges of purple petals.
	Padparadscha F1(Padparadja F1). Orange-orange flowers, bright and long-lasting flowering.
	Quedlinburger Risen(Quedlinburger Riesen). Sometimes the variety is called Quedlinburg giant violets; the variety has been known for a very long time. Advantage - early flowering, disadvantage - poor winter hardiness.

Large-flowered pansies.

The diameter of the flowers is 7.5-8.5 cm.

Photo	Description
	Crown F1(Crown F1). Magnificent, bright, regular shape and color (without spots) flowers on dwarf bushes. They look great in group plantings, and they also branch strongly. There are 9 varieties and variety mixtures on sale.
	Imperial(Imperial) A very long-flowering variety. Flower with a large spot. 12 varieties of various colors, of which the best are Imperial Frosty Rose and Imperial Antique Shades.
	Regal F1(Regal Series F1). Almost similar to the Crown variety series. The difference is the dark eyes on the petals. 7 varieties and variety mixtures.
	Cats F1(Cats Series F1). The variety series received the name “cats” because of the original pattern on the lower petals of the flowers - thin stripes of contrasting colors, like a cat’s whiskers. There are 4 varieties.
	Fama F1(Fama Series F1). A series of pansy varieties for growing on the balcony, in pots or containers. Includes 17 varieties, flowers both plain and variegated.
	Shalon Supreme(Chalon Supreme). Original strongly corrugated petals in white-yellow-lilac-violet tones. 5 varieties.
	Fancy F1(Fency Series F1). 24 varieties of various colors, some plain and some with spots.
	Power F1. Attracts with the brightness of the color combinations of the petals (for example, lemon with purple, red-brown with yellow). Compact bushes, flowering throughout the season. There are 13 known varieties.
	Dynamite. An interesting variety series with an unusual color. 13 varieties have bright spots on the lower petals, 10 varieties are plain. Particularly unusual Strawberry variety(Strawberry), part of this variety series - it changes shade depending on the weather, becoming brighter in the cold, and lighter in the heat.
	Ultima F1(Ultima Series F1). Resistant to cool weather - they were planted in Moscow on City Day (early September) and bloomed almost until it snowed. In turn, Ultima is divided into 3 groups. Ultima Baron- varieties with very bright colors: Red - red and yellow pansies, Merlot - burgundy with a white spot and light shading, Mahogany - purple with a bright yellow center, Ashes are purple with a lemon spot.
	Ultima Biken- calmer color, mostly white with shades of yellow, orange, purple.
	Ultima Raidens- absolutely amazing shade transitions in each flower. Pink - from light pink to dark pink, Red - from orange to dark red, Blue - from cream to dark lilac.

Giant pansies

Pansy or tricolor violet (viola) is a common variety of flowers, loved by many gardeners because of its ease of care and variety of flowering. The color palette of the plant varies from snow-white milky to black and purple. Thanks to the unusual pattern of inflorescences and seed pods, reminiscent of a human face, pansies are associated with many legends and superstitions. It is believed that the plant helps to find love and bewitch a loved one. And in France and Poland, this particular flower is given after a long separation. Pansies will decorate any garden plot, flower bed or lawn with their charming appearance.

Description of the plant

Pansies (Wittrock's viola) belong to the group of perennial garden plants. However, due to their wide distribution in mid-latitudes, they are often grown for no more than two years. The height of the bush depends on the variety and climatic conditions, usually 15-30 centimeters. Externally, the flowers are very similar to violets, from which they were bred. The plant has a fibrous root system and an erect main stem.

Pansies

In the first month after planting, the bush is compact, and by the end of the first year of life it can grow significantly in width. The flowers are single, but on one bush their number can be more than 10, the diameter of one inflorescence is up to 7 centimeters, depending on the variety. The color range of pansies is varied, which is often used by gardeners to decorate a flower bed or terrace. There are single-color varieties and three-color hybrids.

Many gardeners love this plant for its early flowering, which occurs in April-May, when other plants are still in a state of growth.

Types and varieties

With the help of selection, numerous varieties of pansies have been developed, which are distinguished by their growth characteristics, resistance to unfavorable climatic conditions, diseases, and also have different shades of petals. There are more than 400 varieties of this plant, divided into groups depending on the size of the flower.

Small-flowered

The diameter of one flower in these species does not exceed 6 centimeters.

Hemalis winter. This is a combined name for numerous varieties of pansies, characterized by early and very long flowering. They are frost-resistant and compact, which makes it possible to grow them even on the balcony. The most famous varieties of Hemalis: Nordpol (white flowers), Helios (bright yellow), Mars (rich blue color), Jupiter (white-red petals);

Helios

Station wagon F1. This group includes 10 varieties, distinguished by small bushes and abundant flowering;
Rococo. This variety is characterized by ruffled petals of a purple hue;
Flamenco F1. A variety that does not tolerate frost well, but has a unique color - a blurry yellow spot in the center of a red-orange petal.

Medium flowered

These varieties have flower diameters from 6 to 7.5 centimeters.

Trimardo. One of the oldest types of pansies. They have a spreading bush and abundant flowering. The flower shape is classic, the color depends on the variety. For example, Adonis (light blue petals), Cardinal (dark red), Morenkönig (black);

Adonis

Swiss giant. The advantage of this species is the early onset of flowering and unique resistance to frost. The most famous varieties of this species are Firneshnee (white petals), Flamme (orange-red), Bergwacht (purple-blue).
Joker F2. The petals of this hybrid species are colored in two or three very bright colors. 7 varieties have been developed, the most famous of them is Jolly Joker;
Veseler Ice F1. This species is represented by 8 varieties of different colors;
Quedlinburger Risen. A fairly common type of pansy in Europe. It has abundant early flowering, but poor resistance to low temperatures.

Large-flowered

The diameter of these types of pansies reaches 8.5 centimeters.

Crown F1. This species has large flowers with small bushes. Great for decorating flower beds. 9 varieties are presented;

Crown F1

Power F1. The petals of plants of this species have bright colors and long flowering. The most common are 13 varieties;
Shalon Supreme. The species is represented by only 5 varieties, the peculiarity of which is corrugated petals of various shades of purple;
Dynamite. One of the most interesting viol series. 13 varieties have single-color petals with a large spot of contrasting color; 10 varieties are completely monochromatic. The most unusual variety of this species is Strawberry; the flower petals of this hybrid change color depending on the air temperature.

Giant violas

Varieties of this type have flowers with a diameter of 8.5 centimeters.

Super Majestic Giants F1. This type of pansy is represented by 8 varieties with a long flowering period. The diameter of the flowers reaches 11 centimeters with a relatively small bush size. The color of the petals is represented by a wide range of colors from beige to purple;
Magnum F1. The newest species in the series with early flowering. 12 varieties have been developed.

These are not all types and varieties of violas. Using breeding methods, new hybrids are regularly developed that have unusual colors and flowering characteristics.

Features of growing from seeds

Pansies are not difficult to grow, so they are great even for novice gardeners. There are two methods by which you can grow flowers - planting seeds or cuttings. Planting seeds should take into account climate conditions, as well as the planned flowering time. Planting is often done in the summer of the previous farming season. In unfavorable climate conditions, planting can begin at the end of July. In regions with frequent frosts and cold summers, it is best to choose the most frost-resistant plant varieties.

Seeds

If you plant seeds only in early summer, there is a chance that pansies will bloom only at the end of autumn, which increases the risk of plants freezing. As a rule, bushes that do not bloom until autumn tolerate cold weather better and bloom profusely the following year.

It is best to plant seeds in sunny and light areas in moderately moist soil. Violas do not tolerate shade and stagnant water in the ground. In addition, it is advisable to plant plants in a place where there were already violas before; as a rule, this has a beneficial effect on the appearance of the plants. Seeds, pre-soaked, are planted over a short period, depending on the desired density of the bushes. Sprouts appear two weeks after sowing. But to speed up the growth of plants, you can cover the area with flowers with plastic film to create a greenhouse effect. Caring for them is not difficult - you just need regular watering and loosening the soil. You can also feed the flowers with a weak urea solution to stimulate the growth of green mass.

Some gardeners plant pre-grown seedlings in prepared soil. This method reduces the risk of plant death while still in seed state and is excellent for regions with unfavorable climatic conditions.

Care during the flowering period

During flowering, plants need special care; they need constant watering, loosening the soil, and also getting rid of weeds. This improves flower quality and prolongs flowering time.

immediately after planting, regular loosening of the soil and daily moderate watering are necessary;
For active plant growth and successful formation of ovaries, it is important to feed pansies. Complex mineral additives can be used as fertilizer, but the use of organic fertilizers is prohibited. Read more about the types and features of applying mineral fertilizers here;

Mineral fertilizers

During the flowering period, faded buds must be removed in time to allow new ones to grow. Plus, this technique allows you to avoid fruiting, which will lead to the cessation of flowering;
When growing spring varieties of viola, after flowering they need to be dug up, after which summer varieties can be planted.

Growing as an annual crop

Pansies are often used as annual flowers. To do this, the seeds need to be planted in containers that are covered with transparent plastic film. Starting in April, you can transplant the seedlings into a greenhouse or greenhouse; after a month, the plants are completely ready for planting in an open sunny place. In warm regions, planting is permissible from the beginning of spring; this will allow flowering to occur by mid-June. As a rule, violas begin to bloom 2 months after planting.

Annual flowers are distinguished by a smaller diameter of petals and small bushes. Therefore, this type of cultivation is not suitable for the formation of a large flowering lawn.

Cuttings

Many pansy hybrids can be grown using cuttings. This method allows you to preserve and improve all the species characteristics of an individual.

Cuttings

Shoots with several ovaries are harvested from early May to late July. Next, they are planted in the prepared soil;
It is advisable to plant cuttings in well-compacted beds with high density. It is important to monitor the planting depth; it should not exceed a few centimeters. Up to 400 plants can be planted per 1 square meter;
After the cuttings are in the ground, the soil must be moistened with a spray bottle or a small watering can and complex fertilizer must be applied;
To better adapt the colors, you can cover the area with damp paper or a glass jar. This will protect the plants from unfavorable external conditions. In the future, care is the same as for seed planting.

Using cuttings, you can rejuvenate perennial plants that lose their quality and grow strongly over the entire area. From one pansy bush you can get more than 10 new plants.

Diseases and pests

Although pansies are known for their resistance to disease and pests, there are a number of problems that gardeners may encounter.

The most common diseases are:

rot– affect the stem and roots of the plant, causing blackening of the surface and wilting. If the infection is minor, you can remove the infected areas of the plant, but if the infection is significant, the use of fungicides is necessary;

Rot

Only regular preventive treatment and compliance with growing conditions will help avoid the appearance of pests and diseases. Often the appearance of a disease on one plant can lead to the death of the entire planting.

Pests are no less dangerous for violas. They typically appear in humid climates and on old plants with frequent planting.

Aphid. These are very small insects that live in large colonies. They infect the entire surface of the plant, most often the stem, and feed on its juices. As a result, the flower dies or weakens significantly. You can get rid of aphids using insecticides;
Root root nematodes. This is a type of worm that appears in the roots of pansies. Settling inside the root system, they eat it away from the inside. As a result, galls or swellings form on the roots, causing the plant to quickly die. The problem can only be dealt with with the help of insecticides. As a rule, it is necessary to treat plants twice, since the chemicals do not affect nematode eggs;
garden slugs. Pests eat the above-ground parts of the plant. They affect not only pansies, but also other flowers in the area. To get rid of slugs, you can mulch the soil or make special baits.

For a clear example of growing pansies from seeds, see Ivideo

Conclusion

Pansies or viola are charming flowers that will decorate any garden plot. They have numerous colors and petal sizes, which allows you to create entire flower pictures in your garden. Plus, these are perennial plants that, with proper care, will delight you for many years. Read more about the varieties and cultivation of garden viola here.

Charming pansies rarely leave anyone indifferent. Today it is a flower actively cultivated to decorate flower beds in summer cottages and city parks. The ancestor of the Viola genus, which includes pansy flowers, is considered a small wild field plant.

Domesticated varieties, of which there are more than 250, are larger - reaching a height of up to 30 cm. Large bright flowers invariably attract attention. The plant does not require complex care.

There are annual, biennial, and perennial pansy flowers. A variety of colors allows you to create a flower bed to suit every taste.

Features of caring for pansies

In order for lush, long-lasting flowering to please the eye, the following care features must be taken into account:

a sunny place that is illuminated and warmed by gentle rays for at least 6 hours a day is the best choice for growing this flower;
watering is carried out weekly, shifting the moisture schedule depending on current weather conditions;
fertilizing is carried out at the same frequency as watering, since the plant requires strength for an active set of buds and prolonged flowering;
the flower is highly resistant to cold, so it can survive even minor frosts;
You should wait for flowering only in the 2nd year, because in the 1st year the plant only gains green mass.

Growing pansies

Pansies are an unpretentious plant, but planting and care require attention and compliance with certain rules.

Planting pansies

To quickly achieve flowering, experienced gardeners recommend planting in mid-summer. To begin with, pansy seeds are planted as seedlings indoors. As soon as the heat subsides, the plants grow and are transferred to open ground.

The seedlings are placed at a distance of 20-25 cm, because subsequently the bush increases significantly in size. The plant should be transferred along with the root soil. The planting depth should correspond to the size of the earth ball on the roots.

The main condition for planting is the absence of sunlight when the seedlings are moved. The soil must be moistened and fertilized. Until the plant takes root, it is necessary to provide regular watering. The soil around the planted plants is mulched. Seedlings are provided with protection from wind and cold.

Features of caring for adult plants

Planting and caring for pansies is not particularly difficult, but for the plant to feel good, you must follow some recommendations:

the soil for flowers should be soft, fertilized, and regularly loosened;
the plant is provided with frequent feeding and watering, while the soil must have time to dry out as root rot may occur;
It is better to shade the plant from direct sunlight because heat slows down the development of buds, reduces the intensity and duration of flowering;
provide a ventilated place of growth, do not allow stagnation of water or the formation of an earthen crust;
it is necessary to form a bush - pinch out insufficiently strong shoots;
wilted flowers are removed in a timely manner to prevent the formation of seeds and prolong abundant flowering;
dried specimens need to be trimmed and the bushes fertilized;
from the moment of a steady decrease in air temperature, the plant is prepared for wintering: feeding is stopped, pruned, covered with insulation (sawdust, peat).

Diseases of pansies

Pansies are often susceptible to diseases. The plant should be protected from diseases and pests. The main ones are:

powdery mildew;
bacterial spot;
gray rot.

Aphids and slugs hold the palm among pests that “love” pansies.

Among unpretentious flowers, pansies occupy not the last place. They do not require complex care and respond gratefully to caring treatment. In the photo of pansy flowers you can see how charming these babies are.

Photo of pansies