Moscow region "knights": what tasks are the fighters of the legendary special forces capable of performing. Special forces detachment "Vityaz" Special Forces "Vityaz" military service

The leadership of many countries have "tasted" the problem of terrorism for a long time, so they came to the conclusion that certain power structures should be involved in the treatment of this "disease". Back in the 70s, the leaders of the USSR perceived terrorism as one of the most important problems that threatened the normal functioning of the state. For this reason, a special special-purpose company was created to them. F. Dzerzhinsky (by the way, the decision on this was made before the start of the 22 Olympic Games, which were held in Moscow). It was thanks to this unit that the legendary special forces VV Vityaz were subsequently created, to which our material is dedicated.
was formed on December 29, 1977. Its creation took place on the basis of the 9th company, 3rd battalion, 2nd regiment of OMSDON. There was very little time allotted for the formation of the detachment. At the beginning of 1978, a collection of officers began, and training programs were developed. Along with this, the already partially formed unit began exercises. The following month, there was a demonstration speech for the leadership, and after that, for three months, an accelerated preparation was carried out for a speech to the Minister of the Interior. By the way: 25 maroon berets were sewn for military personnel at that time.

On June 1, 1978, as soon as the demonstration performance was successfully performed, a law came into force that spoke of the need for special forces in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Then intensive training began, in the first months of which it became clear that in order to perform the highest quality work, it was necessary to introduce basic positions of instructors in special training. preparation. Actually, we didn’t have to wait long - they appeared in 1979.

Participation in hot spots, operations

For the first time, the special forces of VV Vityaz showed themselves during the elimination of riots in Ordzhonikidze. In the same year, but already in December, the “knights” freed the hostages who had been captured in Sarapul. In the fall of 1982, the fighters were involved in eliminating the riots that were initiated by conscripts from the Caucasus.
The first time the existence of the special forces VV Vityaz showed the need for the selection and training of new fighters from among the recruits. For this reason, a special training staff was introduced in 1984. In November of the same year, the "knights" took part in the investigation of the "Uzbek case", and in July 1985, the company was on duty during the performance of the "World Festival of Students and Youth", which was held in Moscow. In September 1986, the "knights" performed a complex operation related to the need to liberate the airport in Ufa.
The year 1988 turned out to be very tense for the VV Vityaz special forces. So, in February-March, special forces participated in the elimination of riots that took place on the territory of the Azerbaijan SSR in relation to the local population of the city of Sumgayit. Special Forces VV Vityaz carried out the seizure of stolen valuables from the militants, guarded key points of the local Ministry of Internal Affairs, searched for and seized weapons. In the same year, the special forces had to take part in unblocking the airport in Yerevan. But the difficult year did not end there: in September, special forces suppressed riots in the Azerbaijani capital, and in November-December they were thrown into Armenia, where the "knights" organized and supported the state of emergency.

The year 88 also became notable for the fact that Sergey Lysyuk then had the idea of ​​​​taking an exam for the possibility of wearing a maroon beret. It may seem surprising, but then this initiative was not supported by most of the command; over time, all the actions of the VV Vityaz special forces in operations and their moral hardening proved the need for such tests, and in 1993 they decided on the need to pass the exam. Approved the provision on the need for special tests Anatoly Kulikov - the head of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
In addition to the content of the exam, the ritual of presenting the maroon beret was subsequently created, which at the same time symbolized steadfastness, skill in battle, courage, and also the high professional qualifications of the fighters.
Despite all the changes, the history of the VV Vityaz special forces continued. So, in May 1989, the "knights" worked in the operation to free the hostages who were captured by prisoners in the colony of the city of Kizel. In June of the same year, the special forces VV Vityaz took part in the elimination of violent riots based on ethnic intolerance in the Ferghana region. After the resolution of interethnic conflicts, it was decided that it was necessary to increase the number, improve the structure and strengthen the training of units. As a result, in 1989 a special-purpose training detachment was created.
In 1990, the special forces of VV Vityaz mainly performed tasks in the territory of the Transcaucasus. In January, the detachment supported the border guards in protecting the border in the Nakhchivan region (at that time extremists from the Popular Front of Azerbaijan were detained). In April of the same year, the special forces confiscated hail-breaking installations from Armenian militants, and also successfully completed an operation to free the hostages in Ijevan (an entire base was destroyed). In July, the Knights disarmed about 50 militants using helicopter patrols (by the way, this is one of the most successful operations in the history of the detachment).
This is not all the merits of the VV Vityaz special forces. To date, the spetsnaz also includes a group of divers, which already has experience in performing complex tasks in Baikal, the Caspian Sea and the Sea of ​​Japan, as well as in some water bodies of the Moscow region. In the special forces of VV Vityaz there are also groups of hang gliders, electronic intelligence, etc.
In recent years, the special forces of VV Vityaz have been actively mastering mountaineering and parachuting; special forces soldiers VV Vityaz participated in the Glacier Patrol mountaineering competition in the Alps and managed to win prizes.

Popular Pages.

History of the Special Purpose Detachment "VITYAZ" of the VV of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

December 29, 1977 on the basis of the 9th company of the 3rd battalion of the 2nd Operational Regiment of the OMSDON VV of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, the formation of a Special Purpose Training Company (URSN) began with the task of ensuring security and maintaining public order at the XXII Olympic Games in Moscow.

On March 9, 1978, the Order of the Head of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR No. 032 "On the formation of a special-purpose training company OMSDON" was signed.

In May 1978, in preparation for a demonstration lesson for the Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR, the first 25 maroon berets were sewn by special order.

On June 1, 1978, a demonstration session was held for the Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR, after which the need for the existence of a special forces unit in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was officially recognized.

In 1979, full-time positions of instructors for special training were introduced at URSN.

On June 6, 1980, the company successfully completed the task of ensuring security in the area of ​​​​Vnukovo airport, where the AN-24 crashed.

In July 1980, the company was on combat duty during the Olympic Games in Moscow.

In October 1981 URSN participated in a special operation to eliminate riots in the city of Ordzhonikidze (now Vladikavkaz).

December 18, 1981 A special-purpose training company, together with Group A of the KGB of the USSR, took part in a special operation to free children taken hostage by criminals in one of the schools in the city of Sarapul, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

In July 1982, the personnel of the company took part in the liquidation of the consequences of a plane crash near the Vnukovo airport.

In October 1982 special forces liquidated the riots perpetrated by conscripts from the North Caucasus, following the train through Moscow to Yaroslavl.

In July 1984, a training platoon was introduced to the staff of the Special Purpose Training Company to train young soldiers.

In November 1984, the personnel of the company completed a particularly important task of assisting employees of the USSR Prosecutor General's Office during the investigation of the so-called. "Uzbek case".

In July 1985, the company was on alert during the World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow.

In August 1985 Methods for holding qualification competitions for the title of "Excellent hand-to-hand combat" were developed.

September 21, 1986 special forces soldiers, together with group "A" of the KGB of the USSR, took part in a special operation to free the plane hijacked by terrorists at the airport in Ufa.

In December 1986 The Special Purpose Training Company was transformed into the Special Purpose Training Battalion (UBSN).

In January 1988, the tradition of conducting qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret was born.

February - March 1988 UBSN servicemen took part in the prevention and elimination of riots, the protection of the local population and the protection of especially important facilities in places with a difficult operational situation in the city of Sumgayit of the Azerbaijan ASSR.

In July 1988, the personnel participated in a special operation to unblock the Zvartnots airport (Yerevan), in September of the same year - in the elimination of riots in the city of Yerevan.

November - December 1988 special forces ensured the state of emergency in Baku, participated in a special operation to liberate the square named after. Lenin from extremist-minded persons.

In May 1989, the battalion servicemen took part in the release of hostages taken by criminals in the pre-trial detention center in the city of Kizel and in the corrective labor colony in the village. Forest.

In June 1989, the UBSN took part in an operation to suppress unprecedented scale and cruelty of nationalist terrorism, liquidate riots, disarm extremists, escort columns with refugees in the Fergana region of the Uzbek SSR.

In June 1989, the special forces liquidated the riots in the Mangyshlak region of the Kazakh SSR.

In July 1989, the servicemen of the UBSN prevented clashes on interethnic grounds in the Abkhaz ASSR.

In November 1989, the personnel of the battalion participated in the activities of law enforcement agencies to restore public order in the Moldavian SSR.

In January 1990, special forces soldiers assisted border guards in protecting the state border in the Nakhichevan Autonomous Okrug of the Azerbaijan SSR. In the same month, joint actions were carried out with group "A" of the KGB of the USSR to detain extremists from the Popular Front of Azerbaijan in the city of Baku.

In March 1990, the formation of an experimental officer (contract) special-purpose company began as part of the battalion.

In April 1990, the battalion participated in a special operation to free the hostages and liquidate the terrorist base near the city of Ijevan, Armenian SSR.

In August 1990 special forces of the UBSN, together with group "A" of the KGB of the USSR, carried out a unique operation to free the hostages and neutralize armed criminals in the temporary detention center of the city of Sukhumi.

In April 1991, the personnel participated in the escort of a convoy with food through the Roki Pass and the disarmament of militants in the South Ossetian Autonomous Okrug.

In May 1991, by Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR dated 05.05.1991 No. 033, the 6th Special Forces Detachment was formed on the basis of the Special Purpose Training Battalion, which was named "Vityaz".

In June 1991, the Detachment ensures law and order and suppresses illegal actions in the Moldavian SSR.

November 1991 military personnel guard the building of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic's Ministry of Internal Affairs in the city of Grozny blocked by extremists.

In December 1991The detachment ensures law and order in a difficult operational situation in the city of Vladikavkaz.

May-September 1992the personnel of the Detachment participates in resolving the Ossetian-Ingush conflict and disarming illegal armed formations.

September-October 1992special forces take part in the liquidation of riots in the pre-trial detention center of the city of Nalchik, detain especially dangerous criminals in the city of Tyrnyauz, Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

November - December 1992the personnel of the "Vityaz" takes part in the disarmament of extremists, the elimination of illegal armed groups, the prevention of clashes between the warring parties in the zone of the Ossetian-Ingush conflict.

May 31, 1993 the commander of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia approved the "Regulations on the qualification exam for the right to wear a maroon beret."

In July 1993 Soldiers of the Detachment carry out tasks to eliminate bandit formations in the zone of the Ossetian-Ingush conflict.

In October 1993Special Forces soldiers carried out the task of defending the Ostankino television center from armed oppositionists who were trying to illegally seize it.

Since December 11, 1994The detachment took part in the liquidation of illegal armed formations on the territory of the Chechen Republic. The servicemen participated in the liberation from bandits of settlements: Argun, Gudermes, Orekhovo, Samashki, Ishcherskaya and others, participated in the battles near Bamut.

January 1996 The Vityaz detachment was alerted and successfully completed the task of releasing the hostages captured by the gang of S. Raduev and held in the settlement of Pervomaisky, and in February of the same year liberated the settlement of Novogroznensky from illegal armed formations located there.

March-May 1998The detachment carried out combat missions in the areas bordering Chechnya.

January 31, 1999 The 6th Special Purpose Detachment of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia was reorganized into the 118th Special Purpose Regiment of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation dated January 31, 1998 No. 07). By order of the State Committee for Airborne Forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 84 l / s dated 06/30/1999, the 118th Special Purpose Regiment of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation was reorganized into the 1st Red Banner Special Purpose Regiment, and then it was given the status of the Special Purpose Regiment "Vityaz".

September 18, 2000qualification competitions for the title of "Excellent hand-to-hand combatant" were resumed.

June-December 2000military personnel of the Vityaz Regiment performed service and combat missions during the counter-terrorist operation in the North Caucasus.

November - December 2001The regiment performed service and combat missions on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

In accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of RussiaNo. 051 dated December 25, 2001The 1st Red Banner Special Purpose Regiment "Vityaz" was reorganized into the 1st Red Banner Special Purpose Detachment "Vityaz".

January-May 2002The detachment performs service and combat missions on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

October 23 - 26, 2002The detachment took part in a special operation to free the hostages seized in the theater center on Dubrovka (Moscow) by Chechen terrorists.

January 12 to September 21, 2003year, the military unit performed service and combat missions during the next business trip to the North Caucasus region.

The special purpose detachment "Vityaz" performs service and combat missions on the territory of the North Caucasus region. For courage and heroism, more than 500 servicemen of the Detachment were awarded state awards, and six of them were awarded the high title of Hero of the Russian Federation.

35 years ago, on December 29, 1977, a special forces training company was formed on the basis of the third battalion of the Second Motorized Rifle Regiment of the Separate Motorized Rifle Division named after Dzerzhinsky. Its creation was necessary, since it was important to provide forces and means that could ensure security during the Olympics in Moscow. Therefore, the task was set quite specifically: to learn how to effectively fight against armed terrorists. In March 1978, a special order was signed on the formation of the OMSDON training company.

The first commander of the special company was Captain Vladimir Maltsev, who performed his duties until 1981. As for the personnel, military personnel were selected for this unit on a voluntary basis from among the best athletes. In addition to good physical fitness, candidates had to have psychological stability.

The daily routine of the military personnel of the unit was extremely tough: it began with an enhanced exercise, consisting of a mandatory cross for 3-5 kilometers, hand-to-hand combat, a horizontal bar, bars, and an obstacle course. Classes began immediately after the morning check, blocks and strikes, grabs and throws, defense against a knife and other things, elements of acrobatics were practiced until automatism. After lunch, it all started again ...

The divisions are eventful. And the fighters of the "Vityaz" did not even dream of a quiet life.

In early June 1980, the fighters of the company successfully completed combat missions related to ensuring security in the Vnukovo area, the airport where the plane crash occurred, in which the An-24 crashed. Then, a month later, the company provided security during the Olympics. In 1981, the Vityaz fighters took part in a special operation to eliminate the riots in Ordzhonikidze, then, together with the KGB group A, in December, the fighters of the unit took part in a special operation, the purpose of which was to free hostages - children who were captured by criminals in one of schools in Sarapul, a city in the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

And then "hot" business trips began, on which you can study the map of the USSR. In 1982, the special forces liquidated the riots that were organized by conscripts from the North Caucasus, who were traveling from Moscow to Yaroslavl. In 1984, they had to assist the investigative group of the prosecutor's office, which consisted in accompanying and protecting valuables related to the so-called "Uzbek case" - bribery, corruption and abuse of power.

In 1986, the fighters of the unit, together with the "A" group, participated in the operation to free the aircraft captured in Ufa. Two years later - the suppression of robberies, pogroms and terrorist attacks in Sumgait, conducting special operations in Baku and Yerevan, In 1989 - special forces participated in the liquidation of riots in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Abkhazia, Moldova and Azerbaijan, in 1990 - liberated the temporary detention center , which was in the city of Kizel and was captured by armed criminals.

In the spring of 1991, the battalion was reorganized into the Vityaz special forces detachment. From this moment begins the most dangerous and difficult work. The Knights had to fight a lot. In addition to participating in the Afghan war, they were engaged in the disarmament of militants in South Ossetia, carried out operations to detain militants preparing terrorist acts in Vladivostok, were engaged in search and reconnaissance activities in Karachay-Cherkessia, the purpose of which was to detain and disarm Chechen gangs who tried to penetrate to the territory of Abkhazia. In addition, the fighters of the detachment were engaged in the detention of especially dangerous criminals in Kabardino-Balkaria.

Throughout 1992, the special forces took an active part in resolving the Ossetian-Ingush military conflict.

One of the most difficult special operations in which the "knights" had to participate was the liberation of the Ostankino television center in 1993. Then the fighters arrived at the place at 16.00, and literally immediately the Protestants arrived there in stolen cars. The fight lasted over an hour. During this time, the protesters attacked the building three times, throwing Molotov cocktails at it. The commandos successfully repelled all attacks. And only by eight in the evening did help arrive ... Then a young soldier who was only 19 years old, Nikolai Sitnikov, died. He was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Russia, and his name will forever remain in the lists of the Vityaz personnel.

Then again there was a war, this time the Chechen one, in which the special forces had a very difficult time, because the unit was originally created to fight terrorism. In the Caucasus, the “knights” had to perform completely different functions, which caused regular losses of personnel. From the very first days, in December 1994, the fighters of the unit destroyed the enemy checkpoint near the village of Ishcherskaya.

In the early spring of the following year, they took part in special operations to liberate Argun and Gudermes, as well as oppose the militants of the Raduev gang near the Dagestan village of Pervomayskoye and liberate the village of Novogroznensky from gangs.

In March 1999, the detachment was reorganized into the First Red Banner Special Forces Regiment "Vityaz". Colonel M.A. Melikov was appointed its commander. And a few months later, in August, the fighters had to go on a new military operation in Dagestan, which was captured by Chechen fighters. Then the bandits managed to be knocked out of the occupied territory. Major S.Basurmanov, who was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Russia, died during the operation. Sergeant S. Burnaev, who also became a Hero of Russia, also died at a combat post.

In October 2002, "Vityaz" took part in a special operation to free the hostages who were captured by Chechen fighters in the theater center on Dubrovka.

Today, the Vityaz is not only a highly mobile military unit. This is also an association where a large role is given to former servicemen. So, for example, the Association for the Social Protection of Maroon Berets, headed by Colonel S. Lysyuk, Hero of Russia, is successfully functioning. He served in the detachment for 16 years. “The brotherhood of maroon berets “Vityaz” initiated the opening of a monument to the fallen soldiers of the unit. In addition, the Association actively protects the rights of special forces.

The Vityaz special forces detachment has its own traditions that have developed over the years. So, almost from the very beginning of its existence, the concept of "maroon beret" appeared, which became sacred for the fighters. And then it was decided that the berets should not just be handed over, but they should be earned. Thus, the presentation of the maroon beret turned into a real ritual, and each commando had to prove that he was worthy of wearing it.

By the way, the test is extremely difficult. First of all, applicants must overcome many kilometers of cross-country cross-country with water obstacles. Then - to cope with the obstacle course and survive in fights with proven warriors. Therefore, units can withstand. It is they who are honored to receive a maroon beret.

For an ordinary person who is far from the military sphere, the concept of "special forces" is associated with cruelty and unsociableness. But this cannot be said about the fighters of the Vityaz detachment. They are taught not to be cruel, but to survive in critical situations, to help people who are in trouble. And for the fighters of the "Vityaz" the concept of friendship is very valuable, because among themselves they call each other nothing more than brothers.

This year the department turns 35 years old. It remains only to congratulate those people who are related to this elite unit, which is rightfully considered the real pride of the country. And I really hope that the state will remember those people who are always on guard for security and at any moment are ready to give their lives in the name of saving others.

Rehearsal of the demonstration program at the exhibition "Interpolitech-2012"

Special Forces "Vityaz" is a subdivision of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, which was created to perform especially important tasks in conditions of increased danger. On September 1, 2008, the Vityaz and Rus detachments merged. The 604th Center of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation was created, the symbol of which continues to be the same maroon beret that flaunted on the banner of the "Vityaz". It is this formation that will be discussed in the article.

Distinctive features of special forces

1. Special status within the relevant department. WITH the specific form of activity of the unit is characterized by certain qualities that leave a corresponding imprint within the unit. Whether it is the army, navy or air force, learning the necessary skills requires the presence of appropriate training centers. And this, in turn, entails the need for additional funding.
2. Professionalism. As a rule, the special group includes servicemen who have signed a contract. They are preferred, since it is believed that a soldier who consciously goes into battle is a more effective combat unit than one who is forced into battle.
3. High requirements. The level of high moral, physical, combat and psychological preparation required from a volunteer joining the ranks of special forces.
4. Availability of special weapons. The narrowly focused nature of the activities of the special forces requires the provision of modern types of weapons for attack and defense.
5. autonomy- this term means the readiness of small groups of special forces to carry out tasks, being thrown into the rear of the enemy. Under these conditions, throwing the detachment directly to the target is impossible due to the high remoteness of such and enhanced security. Therefore, the group has to get to the target on foot, moving away from all kinds of settlements, highways, communication lines, etc. All equipment (including food and ammunition) has to be carried by itself, and communication is often provided upon arrival at the object and completion of the operation. And it should also be pointed out that often, when meeting with an enemy, one has to eliminate it without the use of firearms - to engage directly in contact combat, relying only on one's own physical strength. Such measures have to be resorted to in order to maintain secrecy on enemy territory.

After carrying out a sabotage or completing a task to obtain the necessary intelligence, the actions of the enemy forces, as a rule, are activated. In this case, the group is required to leave enemy territory undetected as quickly as possible.

It should also be said that the above features are to some extent stereotyped and imposed on the consciousness of modern man by the media and cinema.

Creation of "Knights"

In the 70s, in connection with the threat of terrorism in a number of European countries, the Ministry of the Interior decided to create a special detachment to ensure security in Moscow at the Olympics. Such a task was assigned to the commanders of the Dzerzhinsky motorized rifle division.

In the future, over the course of several years, it became necessary to attract a detachment of super-complex combat missions, which led to the decision to withdraw the detachment from the specified division and form a unique army unit.

On May 5, 1991, the special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs "Vityaz" were formed, and later renamed the 1st Red Banner Special Purpose Regiment "Vityaz".

Special forces "Vityaz". Contract service and more

The headquarters is located in the city of Balashikha, Moscow region. Those who wish to apply for contract service must meet the age criterion from 19 to 35 years old, have already completed military service and have no criminal record in order to be considered for admission to the Vityaz special forces. The contract gives the soldier a number of benefits and benefits. But getting into the ranks of the "knights" is not easy, you need to go through a lot of tests. A volunteer wondering how to get into the Vityaz special forces should be prepared for endurance tests such as:

- Run continuously for 12 minutes. The more distance the candidate overcomes, the more points he/she scores, respectively, the higher the chances of being accepted.

Another test is comprehensive strength endurance test, which includes emphasis on crouching, flexion and extension of the legs, push-ups and lunges with the legs.

- Pull-ups on the bar with an overhand grip. Swinging, touching the ground with the feet and incomplete extension of the arms are not counted.

- Shuttle run 10 to 10, the applicant's speed is evaluated.

-Twine longitudinal and transverse. Flexibility is valued.

- Agility test, consisting of five consecutive exercises: through a partner; somersaults forward and backward; walking on hands 7 meters; 10 meters crawling in a plastunsky way; kip raise 3 times in a row from a prone position.

- Courage Test: manifestation of self-control and self-control in the conditions of a duel (one on one and one against two).

Special Forces of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation "Vityaz", the advantages of service under the contract

Contract service in the ranks of the "Vityaz" has a number of advantages and benefits. Namely:

• Housing is provided to military personnel and their families. And in the event that one rents an apartment in Moscow or the Moscow region, an amount from 3,600 to 22,500 rubles is paid. monthly.
• If a soldier enters into a second contract, an opportunity is provided to participate in the military mortgage program.
• Special Forces "Vityaz" calculates the term of service in its ranks as one day and a half.
• Military personnel are granted leave for 30 days, excluding the time of arrival at the place and the way back.
• Military personnel and their families are given the opportunity to receive medicines and medical care in military medical institutions.
• The Vityaz special forces provide their soldiers with vouchers to Russian sanatoriums (Kislovodsk, Sochi, Tuapse, Essentuki).
• There is an opportunity to enter a university out of competition for part-time education, as well as further growth in the service.
• A veteran's certificate is provided when performing tasks in combat conditions.

Payouts

Monthly allowances are paid to military personnel in sergeant and soldier positions. It ranges from 20,500 to 40,000 rubles.

A uniform

The standard form of fighters is combined arms camouflage. When participating in anti-terrorist operations, the Vityaz special forces soldiers wear black uniforms with appropriate stripes, chevrons with a blood type and a flag
Russia.

Heraldry

Special forces "Vityaz" took part in a number of operations to counter terrorism in Chechnya in 1994-1996, in the battles near Pervomaisky in 1996, and in 1999-2003. - in a number of anti-terrorist operations in the North Caucasus in order to eliminate the leaders of illegal armed gangs and terrorist groups.

In the same 2002, the Vityaz detachment participated in the operation to liberate the Theater Center on Dubrovka from the terrorists who had taken the hostages.

A maroon beret has become a symbol of the courage of the special forces soldiers, who took their place on the banner of the "Vityaz". He still flaunts on the emblem.

Finally

As mentioned above, the Vityaz and Rus special forces units were merged, but among the people you can still hear that the new special center is habitually referred to as the Vityaz special forces. Military service in this unit is the dream of many teenagers who are drafted into the army. But getting there at the call is a matter of chance. There are no "royal ways". They recruit only the best of the best, with good health and iron will. Candidates for master of sports in karate, sambo and other contact martial arts are tested according to an individual program.

Many hunters of military romance aspire to the ranks of the elite, but only half of them manage not to be disappointed and not pull the long strap of difficult military service, paying for their mistakes. Special Forces "Vityaz" is not romantic, it is hard work for those born to fight, stand guard over Russia and protect its interests, as well as maintain order.

December 29, 1977 - start date of formation of the first special forces unit in the system of internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. Its creation took place on the basis of the 9th company of the 3rd battalion of the 2nd regiment of the Separate Motorized Rifle Division of Special Purpose named after. F. E. Dzerzhinsky (OMSDON).

The main milestones in the formation of the special forces unit "Vityaz"

The governments of many countries have long been faced with the threat of terrorism and have come to the conclusion that special power structures should be involved in the fight against this global evil.

The political leadership of the Soviet Union began to consider countering terrorism as one of the most important state tasks in the late 70s of the last century. And one of the first domestic counter-terrorist units was the special-purpose training company (URSN) of the Separate Motorized Rifle Division of Special Purpose named after. F. Dzerzhinsky, the decision to form which was made by the Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR on the eve of the XXII Olympic Games in Moscow. It was this unit that became the forerunner of the legendary Vityaz detachment and the ODON Special Purpose Center, which was later created on its basis.

The recruitment of conscripts for this unit was carried out from among the best athletes of the division, exclusively on a voluntary basis. In January 1978, the staffing of the URSN with officers, the coordination of platoons, and the development of a curriculum began. In parallel with this, the unit, staffed by the best military personnel of the 2nd regiment, began practical exercises and training.

Already in February, the URSN held the first demonstration lesson for the leadership of law enforcement troops. It was there that the first special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs had to take an exam before the Minister of Internal Affairs.

On June 1, 1978, after a successful demonstration session, the need for the existence of special forces units in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was officially recognized. And the serious purposeful work began! Its first months showed that for better training of military personnel serving on conscription, it is necessary to introduce full-time positions of instructors for special training in the special unit. And they appeared in the states of the URSN in 1979.

The involvement of internal troops in the resolution of interethnic conflicts necessitated an increase in the number, improvement of the structure and training of special forces. In December 1989, a special-purpose battalion was created on the basis of the URSN.

The constant involvement of special forces in the most difficult service and combat tasks made it necessary to withdraw the special-purpose training battalion from the state of the 2nd regiment of the division named after. Dzerzhinsky and the creation of a separate military unit. By order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR on May 5, 1991, the 6th Special Forces Detachment "Vityaz" was formed on the basis of the special purpose training battalion.

In accordance with the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in January 1999, the 6th special forces detachment was reorganized into the 118th, and then into the 1st Red Banner Special Purpose Regiment "Vityaz" of the ODON VV of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

By order of the Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in December 2001, the 1st Red Banner Special Purpose Regiment "Vityaz" was transformed into the 1st Red Banner Special Purpose Detachment "Vityaz".

In June 2008, according to the order of the Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the 604th Special Purpose Center "Vityaz" was created on the basis of the 1st Red Banner Special Purpose Detachment "Vityaz" and the special purpose unit "Rus".

It is safe to say that the Special Purpose Center, which continues to bear the proud name of Vityaz, is rightfully one of the best special forces units not only in our country, but throughout the world.

Battle path

In 1980, the first division of the special forces of the internal troops opened an account for their military affairs. In June, the company performed security tasks in the area of ​​the Vnukovo airport, where the An-24 aircraft crashed. In July-August, she was on combat duty during the XXII Olympic Games, being in constant readiness at the first signal to protect public order and public safety at any of the Olympic venues.

In October 1981, the personnel of the URSN OMSDON took part in a special operation to eliminate riots in the city of Ordzhonikidze (now Vladikavkaz). On December 18 of the same year, the “knights”, together with group “A” of the KGB of the USSR, released hostages taken by criminals in one of the schools in the city of Sarapul, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

In the fall of 1982, the special forces of the internal troops were involved in the elimination of riots perpetrated by conscripts from the North Caucasus, following the train through Moscow to Yaroslavl. In November of the same year, the “knights” successfully completed a particularly important government task to assist employees of the USSR Prosecutor General’s Office during the investigation of the so-called “Uzbek case”.

In July 1985, the company was on combat duty during the World Festival of Youth and Students, held in Moscow.

On September 21, 1986, URSN OMSDON, together with Group A of the KGB of the USSR, took part in a special operation to free an aircraft hijacked by terrorists at the airport in Ufa.

1988 became one of the most intense in the combat biography of the “knights”. In February-March, they participated in the suppression of riots, pogroms, robberies and atrocities against the local population in Sumgayit of the Azerbaijan SSR, searched for weapons in places of illegal storage, seized stolen valuables from criminals, guarded especially important objects of the republican Ministry of Internal Affairs in places with difficult operating environment. In July of the same year, they took part in a special operation to unblock the Zvartnots airport in Yerevan. In September, mass riots were liquidated in the Azerbaijani capital itself. In November-December, they were transferred to Armenia, where the special forces ensured the state of emergency.

In May 1989, special forces released hostages taken by criminals in the pre-trial detention center in the city of Kizel and in the corrective labor colony in the village of Lesnoye. In June, they participated in the operation to suppress unprecedented scale and cruelty of actions of nationalist terrorism, eliminate mass riots, disarm extremists, escort columns with refugees in the Fergana region of the Uzbek SSR and in the elimination of mass riots in the Mangyshlak region of the Kazakh SSR. In July, they prevented a clash on ethnic grounds in the Abkhaz ASSR, confiscated illegally stored weapons from the population and militants. In November, together with law enforcement agencies, they participated in activities to restore public order in the Moldavian SSR.

In 1990, Transcaucasia became the main region for the use of "knights". In January, they assisted the border guards in protecting the state border in the Nakhichevan Autonomous Region of the Azerbaijan SSR, detained extremists from the Popular Front of Azerbaijan, and carried out several successful operations in Baku. In April, weapons were confiscated from Armenian militants and a special operation was carried out to free the hostages, liquidating the terrorist base near the city of Ijevan. In July, while patrolling the Armenian-Azerbaijani border on helicopters, they disarmed a gang of more than 50 people. This operation is still considered one of the most effective in the combat annals of the detachment ...

If we talk about military operations, then we should definitely remember that it was in August 1990 that the “knights”, together with the fighters of Group “A” of the KGB of the USSR, participated in a unique operation to free hostages taken by armed criminals in the temporary detention center of the city of Sukhumi.

In the spring of 1991, in the most difficult conditions of the highlands, its fighters led a convoy with food through the blocked Roksky pass, breaking through the economic blockade of the city of Tskhinval in the South Ossetian Autonomous Region, disarming several formations of Georgian militants along the way. In June, the “knights”, on the instructions of the command of the troops, checked intelligence data on the preparation of extremists to carry out illegal actions in the Moldavian SSR. In November, they guarded the blocked building of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in Grozny, stopping all attempts by extremists to take possession of weapons and official documentation. In December, they participated in ensuring law and order in Vladikavkaz, where the operational situation sharply worsened.

In May 1992, the "knights" seized weapons from gangs in North Ossetia, in Vladikavkaz they detained and disarmed militants of the Teziev group, who were preparing a series of terrorist attacks. In July-October, they guarded the representative offices of the Supreme Soviet of Russia in the city of Nazran. In September, reconnaissance and search activities were carried out in Karachay-Cherkessia with the aim of detaining and disarming Chechen fighters who were trying to penetrate into Abkhazia. In October, mass riots were liquidated in the pre-trial detention center in the city of Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkaria, and especially dangerous criminals were detained in the city of Tyrnyauz. In November, detachments of extremists were disarmed, preventing clashes between the opposing sides in the zone of the Ossetian-Ingush conflict.

In July 1993, a detachment, re-introduced into the zone of the Ossetian-Ingush conflict, near the village of Ali-Yurt, liquidated a gang that terrorized local residents. And in the fall of the same year, when, against the background of the political crisis in the country, mass riots with the use of weapons broke out in the capital, he defended the Ostankino television center.

Soldiers of the special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs "Vityaz" in the building of the shopping center "Ostankino"

Since the autumn of 1994, the entire history of the Vityaz has been a continuous series of special operations to suppress the activities of illegal armed groups in the North Caucasus region. From September to mid-December, the detachment conducted reconnaissance and search activities on the Chechen-Dagestan border. And throughout the second half of December, he held special events to free the servicemen of the operational regiment of the Volga District of Internal Troops, captured in Khasavyurt on the first day of the introduction of federal troops into Chechnya.

In January 1995, the "knights" woolen settlements along the Mozdok-Chervlennaya-Grozny railway line. In March, they participated in operations to liberate Argun and Gudermes from militants. In April, they met in a fierce battle with selected thugs near Bamut, where brothers from the Rosich detachment got into serious trouble on Lysa Gora. In that battle, deliberately taking a mortal risk in the name of saving their comrades, they actually demonstrated what the special forces brotherhood means ...

At the end of May 1995, during the destruction of large detachments of militants who settled in the Nozhai-Yurtovsky district of Chechnya, the Vityaz had to take a well-fortified height 541.9 adapted for long-term defense.

In January 1996, the "knights" took part in the assault on the village of Pervomaiskoye, captured by the Raduev gang, who had escaped from Kizlyar along with the hostages after a terrorist attack in this Dagestan city. For the special operation in Pervomaisky, the commander of the Vityaz detachment, Colonel Alexander Nikishin, and his deputy for work with personnel, Lieutenant Colonel Oleg Kublin, were awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, many fighters of the detachment were awarded orders and medals.

In 1997-1998, the detachment carried out combat missions in the areas bordering Chechnya. At the same time, at the point of permanent deployment, hard work was underway to improve the educational process, taking into account the experience gained in the performance of combat missions during the first Chechen campaign: everyone was sure that it would still come in handy ...

Since June 2000, the “knights” have been back in the North Caucasus. And again, one special operation follows another.

On March 28, 2002, the detachment, which was on a regular combat mission, was given the task of verifying operational information about the location of a large weapons cache.

On October 23-26 of the same year, the “knights”, together with employees of the Special Purpose Center of the FSB of Russia, released hostages taken by terrorists in Moscow during the performance of the musical “Nord-Ost”.

And in January 2003, they again flew to Chechnya, where, together with law enforcement officers, they carried out special operations to destroy illegal mini-oil refineries, helped police officers check the passport regime, looking for legalized militants, and ensured the safety of local authorities.

On February 4, 2003, the "knights" urgently left for Argun to check operational information of exceptional importance. Arriving at the scene, the group, led by senior lieutenant Ivan Shelokhvostov, immediately stormed the private household where the militants were hiding. In that battle, the "knights" managed to destroy, among other militants, a high-ranking field commander Chantaev.

In October-November 2006, the detachment's combined group, in addition to military operations in the North Caucasus, successfully completed the especially important task of the Government of the Russian Federation to provide assistance and ensure the safety of employees of the Prosecutor General's Office investigating economic crimes in Vladivostok.

In the summer of 2007, the "knights" participated in a special comprehensive preventive operation to suppress the activities of the gang underground in Dagestan, having chalked up many victories - the destruction of militant bases and camps for the training of suicide bombers, the seizure of weapons and ammunition.

In September 2008, the Special Purpose Center was formed on the basis of the Vityaz detachment. Since then, its military personnel have almost constantly taken part in the disarmament and liquidation of illegal armed groups, organized criminal groups, the seizure of illegally stored weapons from the population; in the suppression of acts of terrorism, in ensuring the security of officials and individual citizens of the Russian Federation on the territory of the North Caucasus region.

In the Center, highly specialized units have been created and have already gone through the process of formation, which until now were not in the special forces of the law enforcement forces. This is a group of divers who have experience in performing combat missions on Lake Baikal, in the Sea of ​​Japan and the Caspian Sea, and water bodies of the Moscow Region. These are groups of glider and hang glider pilots, an electronic intelligence unit and some others.

maroon beret

It was here, as a headdress, that the maroon beret first appeared - a matter of special pride and an indicator of the true professionalism of the special forces of the internal troops. In the spring of 1978, according to the order of Lieutenant General Sidorov, deputy head of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 50 berets were delivered to the unit, half of which were green, and the other half were maroon.

In 1988, Sergei Ivanovich Lysyuk, who then headed the "knights", had the idea to conduct an exam for the right to wear a maroon beret. Now it is hard to imagine, but at first, she did not find understanding among some representatives of the command of the troops, who believed that all special forces soldiers without exception should wear such a headdress. Therefore, the first tests were carried out under the guise of complex and control and verification classes.

But time has taken its toll! The actions of the "krapoviks" in special operations, their moral and psychological hardening proved the importance of conducting such tests, which became officially recognized in 1993: on May 31, Colonel-General Anatoly Sergeevich Kulikov, who at that time headed the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, approved the "Regulations on qualification tests military personnel for the right to wear a maroon beret.

Taking into account the nature and content of the exam, its role in the training and education of special forces, a ritual of presenting a maroon beret was developed, which at the same time became an award for courage, stamina, combat skill, and a sign of high professional qualification, and a symbol of valor and honor of the special forces of the internal troops.

,